국민기초생활보장제도의 노동공급 효과

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사회복지학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국사회복지학 / 56권 / 2호
· 저자명 : 이상은

목차

1. 서 론
2. 기존연구검토
3. 자료 및 분석방법
4. 분석결과
5. 결 론

초록

2000년 10월부터 시행된 국민기초생활보장제도는 기존에 근로무능력 빈곤가구에게만 제한되어 지
급되던 현금지원을 근로능력 빈곤가구에게로 확대하였다. 근로능력가구에 대한 현금지원은 전국민에게
기초보장을 제공한다는 긍정적 측면에도 불구하고 저소득층들의 노동공급을 감소시킬 것이라는 우려를
야기하여 왔다. 본 연구는 한국노동패널 1-5차 자료를 이용하여 국민기초생활보장제도의 영향을 받을
프로그램집단으로 근로능력가구의 저학력자를 설정하고 이중차이모델(difference-in-difference
model)을 이용하여 국민기초생활보장제도의 노동공급에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 국민기초
생활보장제도는 취업과 근로시간에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한
결과는 우리나라에서는 근로능력자에 대한 현금지원이 노동공급에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것을 제시
한다기보다는, 오히려 제도내용이나 실시기간의 제한성 또는 조건부수급제도의 영향 등을 반영한 것으
로 보여진다.

영어초록

The National Basic Livelihood Security System implemented from October 2000
has expanded cash assistance to cover the poor households that have work ability.
The cash assistance for the households with work ability has positive aspects of
providing basic livelihood security for all people, but many people have worried
about its negative aspects such as the decrease of labor supply among the
low-income people with work ability. However, there has been few study that
evaluated the effects of the NBLS implementation on labor supply. One of the reason
for this may be related with the difficulty of research methodology that there were
neither program group nor control group, because NBLS was implemented for all the
people at the same time. This study suggests alternative program groups and control
groups based on work ability and education. Using wave1 to wave5 data of the
Korean Labor and Income Survey, this study estimated the effects of the NBLS
implementation on employment and work hours. A difference-in-difference approach
was applied to these alternative program and control groups. I found that the
implementation of NBLS did not have any statistically significant effects on
employment an work hours. It is too early to conclude from this result that cash
assistance for the poor households with work ability does not induce any labor
supply decrease in Korea. Rather, I interpret this result as reflecting that the NBLS
system was too limited to induce any sizable decrease of labor supply or that the
work requirement imposed on the recipients with work ability was effective in
deterring work disincentive among the low-income population. Future research need
to explore better program and control groups and investigate long-term effects.

참고자료

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