교육기관으로서의 박물관

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국박물관학회
· 수록지 정보 : 박물관학보
· 저자명 : 안광선

목차

Ⅰ. 박물관교육의 중요성
Ⅱ. 박물관교육의 특성
Ⅲ. 박물관교육 방법
(1) 전시실내에서의 교육
가. 전시를 통한 교육
나. 설명판에 의한 교육
다. 전실개요 및 안내설명지/gallery note
라. 전시실설명안내원/docent
(2) 전시실밖에서의 교육
Ⅳ. 맺음말
참고문헌

초록

박물관이란 용어는 시대에 따라 그 의미가 다르다. 고전적 의미는 뮤제들의 성소 혹은 명상의
장소이다. 로마시대에는 철학적 문제들을 논하는 장소를 의미했다. 15세기에서 17세기까지는 진
기한 물건들을 소장하는 장소의 의미를 갖고, 18세기에 이르러 박물관은 수집, 보존, 전시하며
일반인에게 공개한다는 의미를 갖는다. 18세기 후반부터는 박물관은 그 건물을 의미하는 뜻이
보다 더 강해졌다. 마치 사원같은 느낌의 건물은 다른 일반의 장소와 다른 느낌을 부여하고 신
성한 장소 분위기를 주는 양식으로 건축되었다. 그러나 현대에서의 박물관은 그의 소장품에 더
관계가 깊고 소장품의 종류에 의해 특성이 부여된다. 따라서 박물관은 어떤 것들을 수집하고 보
존하고 전시하느냐에 따라 나뉘어 지며 전문성을 띈 다양한 박물관들이 건립되고 있다. 이제는
소장품이 없이도 박물관이라는 명칭이 부여되고 있는 실정이다. 향후 미래 박물관은 그 박물관
의 활동과 더 밀접한 관계가 있을 것 같다.

영어초록

The term, museum, was used to describe different things as time changes. In the classical
period the museum meant “a place of contemplation or a shrine of the Muses” and the
Romans described the place designated for discussing philosophical matters as a museum.
From the fifteenth century through seventeenth century, a museum was related to its
collections of curiosities, and by the eighteenth century museum meant an institution which
collects, preserves, and displays its collection, and opens its door to the public. From the late
eighteenth century the museum was more related to its building. Its temple-like building
gave the museum distinguished characteristics of the museum from the ordinary place.
Museums were built in the manner of giving the atmosphere of the sacred place. But in
modern times museum is more related to its collection and gets its unique nature by its
collection.(Woodhead and Stansfield 1989, 3) How the American Association of Museums has
changed the museum ethics by saying that the museum does not have to have collections.
That means that probably in the future museums will be more related to their activities.
The activities of museums can be divided basically into three categories: acquisition;
preservation and conservation; exhibition and interpretation. Among these basic activities,
exhibition and interpretation are the educational roles of museum, and the other categories of
activities - acquisition, preservation and conservation - are ultimately for the educational
purpose of museums. So the main purpose of museums is the education of their public.
Not only is the museum supported by the public. It's future lies in this support. Support
increases when interest increases. Therefore expanding and exploring educational functions of the museum are crucial.
This point is made clearer in relation to the characteristics of collections. Collections exist
for the public, using objects that the public used. And in most cases, museums are located
in an ideal setting within the local community. This emphasizes the cultural and educational
aspect of the museum in terms of social service to the community.
This paper explains the unique quality of museum education and various methods of
fulfilling the mission of the museum education.
This paper concludes with the notion that for the 21st century more emphasis should be
put on museum's educational mission and its development.

참고자료

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