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개인 성과제 연봉의 장단점, 개인 성과제 연봉이 병원에 도입하는 것이 적당한가? (영문 - Individual performance related pay in hospital industry)

Executive SummaryThis report is assigned to critically evaluate Individual Performance Related Pay (IPRP) and its suitability on the Hospital industry particularly in Wellton National Health Service (NHS) hospital. Moreover, the report also looked into barriers of implementation and its effectiveness. There are four different sections in the report. The first section discusses about advantages of IPRP, second section discuss about the disadvantages and barriers of implementation, third section evaluate whether IPRP is suitable in hospital industry particularly in Wellton hospital. Last section contains alternative approaches and recommendations for Wellton NHS hospital.The report observed that there are many advantages of IPRP and it can motivate employees by establishing the relation between reward and performance. Thus, employees will try to perform better in order to get rewards. However, IPRP also can demotivate workers which is very crucial to hospital industry.

경영/경제| 2016.11.24| 12페이지| 1,000원| 조회(168)

영어 리포트, 영어 논문, 영문 리포트, 성과관리론, 개인 성과제 연봉, 병원에 ..

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(영문) 과시적 소비에 관한 두가지 이론의 비판적 리뷰 (Critical review of two theories regarding conspicuous consumption)

Executive SummaryThis report was commissioned to review two theories critically which can clarify aspects of consumer behaviour. Designated theories in this report are Maslow’s hierarchy needs theory and classical conditioning theory. The report discuss about conspicuous consumption and its effect. The report is to understand and establish a relation between psychology and behaviour of consumers by collecting information from the target segment aged 18 to 30, generation X and Y. The report draws attention to critical evaluation of two theories and utilised real examples of how the theory might impact on different types of organisations were included to illustrate the points. The report identifies that two designated theories are beneficial to gain insights of leisure behaviour and thus contribute in campaign reducing conspicuous consumption. Moreover it recommends Maslow’s hierarchy needs theory as practical method and classical conditioning theory as research method.IntroductionConspiply different marketing strategies to each level to satisfy desires of consumer (Boone, 2002). One of the good example is the case of Japan. Due to frequent earthquakes, several citizens are at the level of safety needs hence supermarkets and convenience stores sell survival kits which satisfy their safety needs (City-Cost, 2015). If a marketing manager offers a higher level of value than consumer’s need, it is a shortcut and also an opportunity to realise consumer satisfaction. In short, the marketing manager should be able to keep track of the insatiable needs of consumers and deliver products that satisfy them. In human resource, it is used as a mean of handle psychology of human beings (Boone, 2002). It is used to create various incentives to motivate employees and satisfy their needs such as promotions, bonuses and housing rental loans and this also helps employees to establish their career path in better direction (Nyameh, 2013). It is also called “Maslow’s motivation theory” whiPavlov’s famous experiment which studied on the same reaction to different stimuli using natural physiological relationship between the stimulus and the responses (Hawkins, Mothersbaugh, and Best, 2012). In other words, when it comes to giving food to a dog, it is a natural physiological phenomenon. However, if the sound of bell is repeated whenever they give food, the relation between stimulus which are the bell and reaction of saliva will be established. Eventually, the dog will be salivating only by hearing the sound of bell. Furthermore, the idea of this theory is used as marketing strategies in reality.Popular entertainers and popular sports stars appear in many commercials. Sometimes they appear in multiple advertisements. When it confines to advertisement, classical conditioning theory has been used for long time; longer than any other theories and it is still used frequently (Stuart, Shimp, and Engle, 1987). Using famous celebrities for advertisements with enormous compensationanalysing consumption behaviour of target segment was not difficult. It could be furthered by understanding the power of learning. Sometimes consumers do not even know why they are consuming. And that is because they unconsciously learned to consume from their surrounded people especially their parents during their childhoods. In fact, this theory is helpful as research method which can understand and gather information among target segment.ConclusionThere are many ways to approach consumers as the technology advances such as Smartphones, SNS, internet and others. On the other hand, this conspicuous consumption must be reduced in favour of the future generations. In fact, the stress of structural youth unemployment and burden of marriage and childbirth is growing but there is a snowball effect on the share of coffee market, consumption of foreign cars, luxurious marriage and increase in sales of deserts which is more expensive than a meal. In a nutshell, both Maslow’s hierarchy needs t Classical conditioning. Available at: http://www.simplypsychology.org/classical-conditioning.html (Accessed: 27 October 2016).Min-kyung, J. (2016) Who are the Asian beauties that have fronted SK-II’s ads? Available at: http://women.asiaone.com/women/people/who-are-asian-beauties-have-fronted-sk-iis-ads (Accessed: 27 October 2016).Appendix* Surveyed 21 Malaysian citizen and 9 Korean citizen (To extend scope of the survey)* Data shows in a sequence of Malaysian survey and Korean survey and round off to the first digit of number accordingly. [Ex. Malaysian survey percentage / Korean survey percentage)]GenderMale (62% / 67%) / Female (38% / 33%)Age18 to 20 (8% / -)20 to 23 (77% / 22%)24 to 26 (15% / 22%)27 to 30 (- / 22%)30 and above (- / 33%)OccupationStudent (92% / 44%)Worker (- / 44%)Businessman (- / -)Looking for a job (8% / 11%)1. Have you ever saved money or used credit card to purchase your desired goods or services?Yes (77% / 89%)No (23% / 11%)2. If yes, how many months did you sa

경영/경제| 2016.11.24| 13페이지| 1,000원| 조회(127)

소비자행동, 영어 리포트, 고전적 조건 형성, 영어 논문, 영문 리포트, 과시적 ..

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Economic comparison between United Kingdom and Italy for past 10 years (영국과 이탈리아의 10년간 경제적 성장 비교)

European Central Bank (ECB) had decided to cut the interest rates and introduced cheap loans up to 400 billion pounds in 2014 (Jones, 2014). This was to attempt to encourage region’s small business in plight of credit. Consequently, loans to non-financial corporations growth rate has increased to -1.8 . And this policy had weakened the euro expecting to lift up the inflation. Hence, exchange rate had reduced to lower index of 94.9 (down from 99.5), it improved balance of trade to 3.2 (up from 2.9). As it is asserted in monetary theory, decrease in interest rate increased the investment expenditure (Parkin, 2012). Moreover, it also states that the main goal of monetary policy is price stability. It provides best available environment for households and firms which brings economic growth to the country. In result, it encourages the maximum sustainable growth rate of potential GDP. In fact, through this adopted policy, Italy had improved their GDP growth rate to 0.7 (up from -0.4).

경영/경제| 2016.11.24| 16페이지| 1,000원| 조회(90)

거시경제학, 영어리포트, 유럽 경제, 영어논문, 영문리포트, 경제 비교, 경제적 성..

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논문 재검토 (영문) - 기업 변화 관련 논문 (영문)

IntroductionOrganisational change is about checking on and altering administration structures and business forms (Burnes, 2004). Organisations are changing at a quicker pace and in a more essential manner than any time in recent memory (Kanter, 1997). In this way, advancement of organisational change is essential.Article #1: A Meta model of changeThe objective of this paper is to introduce a model of progress which is both scholastically thorough and expert cordial. Generally, this article is focused on Meta-analysis theory, literatures about change to oversee changes in organisations which fundamentally changes. Tragically, the change writing itself might frequently frame an obstruction to more extensive energy about the key elements which have a critical effect upon change (Weick and Quinn, 1999). However, there are two methodologies about procedure of change stated by Kotter and Burns. According to Kotter change is an open door for advance development whist Burns states that change whether these two approaches can emerge together. Consequently, the main points in this article is the comparison between these two approaches and organizational development. The two approaches are top-down strategic management and bottom-up organization development method. In addition, organization development differs from public sector to private sector.Organisations in public sector managed strategic change with top-down management model. Nevertheless, they figured out by comparing decision making of public and private organisations that bottom-up approach is required for the public sector as well. In fact, when they are applied separately they are thought to be not enough for effective implementation of change (Beer, 2001). By looking at figure 2.1 (Yuki, 2010), the comparison between two approaches can be easily noticed. Majority study indicates 70 percent of failure rate for change attempts of private sectors (Higgs and Rowland, 2005).Figure 2.1Top-down approachBottom-up approacational change in the case of this article shows that resistance of the employees to change are still visible because they feel that it is unnecessary, unsteady and menace. However, findings of this research assisted readers to perceive the similarities and differences among perceptions in the literature and regional implication of organizational change (England). The literature clearly established that such change like mergers triggers the employees with higher ambiguity, higher anxiety, higher turnover, and lower job satisfaction. Consequently, the fear of possible layoff induce employees to leave the organization by themselves. Therefore, overcoming this resistance is a fundamental factor of the successful change.Obviously, organizational change affect the organizational structure. Moreover, organizational change can possibly affect organizational culture as well. Every organisations have their unique way of thinking and actions which strongly affects behaviors of employee in organining affect the performance of an organization.Figure 4.1Data collection and analysis were done in both organisations mentioned above. French organization LCUK used interview method. Seven staff from total of eighteen (around 39%) were chosen for an interview. All the interviews were recorded in tapes and transcribed. On the other hand, United States organization REM used questionnaire survey method and all the members were included. As a result, they had common findings. First, production process management had elaborated awareness and commitment to learning. Second, both organisations used various ways for a solid aspiration of learning. Collectively these are all related with organizational performance.To sum up, it is very essential for organisations to have organizational learning concept especially for today’s business world. The case studies of two international organisations in United Kingdom were used for approach and the realistic influences in this article. However, the datang benefits in process of change. According to French and Holden, communication strategy that suit for an organization cannot always be applied for other oganisations thus this means that it is one of the competitive advantage which an organization could have.To conclude, determinants and propositions stated in this article acts as a compass not a road map which means experts looking for their way can be guided. Moreover, players were specifically identified in change process such as managerial leaders, top management and change agents. Through this study, authors found out that it is considered as abundant when organizational change occurs in recognizable stages. However, further study is required for this article as well. For instance, more of focus should be given to perceptions on higher possibility to success when the team-based cooperative methods that activate their members’ brain collectively.ConclusionBy reviewing few articles related to organizational change, it is shown thaton.

경영/경제| 2016.11.23| 8페이지| 1,000원| 조회(92)

영어리포트, 영문리포트, 영어 논문, 기업 변화, 논문 재검토

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Evaluation on Corporate Social responsibility of Colgate (기업의 사회적 책임 - 콜게이트, 영문리포트)

Executive SummaryThe aim of this report is to critically evaluate Colgate’s manufacturing component of the supply chain and Corporate Social Responsibility policies. Colgate-Palmolive was an organisation researched in this report. The key findings of their effectiveness of CSR policies are found through Carroll’s pyramid model. Colgate’s policies analysed by this model were efficient, effective and successful. However, there was an issue which disregard their CSR policy and it was considered to be unethical decision. To avoid such unethical decisions that are against their policies, this report recommend to adapt seven-step guide (Davis, 1999). Making decisions referring to this step guide will be beneficial for Colgate-Palmolive to make less faults in decision making.1. Introduction1.1. Profile of Colgate-Palmolive and aim of this reportColgate-Palmolive began in 19 th century based in New York City as a small soap and candle business which has a history of 200 years-time now. Colgateed by Colgate-Palmolive are the followings:“Designed to satisfy a genuine human need”“Not harmful to human health”“Greener throughout the life cycle”The products of the Colgate are basically to satisfy the need of human beings such as soaps, detergents, and oral hygiene products (toothpastes and toothbrushes). These kinds of products are to fulfill the needs of human beings, not the wants of human beings like smart phones. Their products are rather to protect human health by using their products but not to harm human health and their products are greener throughout the life cycle. As a result, Colgate’s products are considered to be sustainable products as they fulfill the characteristics stated earlier. Besides, according to the 2014 annual report of Colgate, they have successfully reduced the negative impact on environment during the process of manufacturing (Figure 1) (Appendix A).Figure 1: graph of reducing CO and energy use intensity.Colgate is estimating the life-cycle carbon foolgate is launching a third-party ethical compliance audit program using Sedex Members Ethical Trade Audit (SMETA) protocol for their manufacturing facilities. This investigates abuse in health, safety, child labor, working environment, salaries, hazards, discrimination, environmental, business ethics, and many other ethical matters. Additionally, one of their goal is to ensure the relationship with their suppliers reflecting and supporting equity of ethical standards. Hence, supplier code of conduct includes similar critical areas mentioned earlier. They only make contracts with suppliers who fulfill their ethical standard.Last responsibility is philanthropic responsibility. It is to be a good global citizen and to commit to social and environmental initiatives both local and global although it is not required. A typical example of Colgate’s philanthropic activity is “Bright Smiles, Bright Futures” (BSBF) program. This program is to educate and encourage healthy teeth of children and right or wrong while non-consequentialist is to evaluate whether the properties intrinsic to the action itself is right or wrong. The most popular examples for these two types would be Utilitarianism and Kantianism respectively.4.3 Comparing Colgate’s ethical issue with theoriesFirst, Utilitarianism states that individuals should maximize the well-being and welfare of human beings (Mill and Sher, 2001). This means that making a right decision is one thing that bring a feeling of well-being to maximum amount of people. Comparing this theory with a decision of Colgate-Palmolive, they made wrong decision which was to keep using the chemical, triclosan. According to FDA, triclosan was proven that it can cause hormone imbalance in humans, animals, plants and it also contributes in making bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Considering this is true, the chance to harm human beings is much higher than to help. Causing hormone imbalance is more serious matter than making people’s teeth white. B it is keep improving. This address this stakeholder group effectively and satisfy interest of this group.Suppliers of Colgate-Palmolive are key player involving in CSR policy efforts. The interest of this stakeholder groups is similar to employees’ interest which is compensation, job security, growing demand from Colgate and ethical concerns. Policy of Colgate-Palmolive expect same high ethical standards including labor practices, rights and others with full conformance to Colgate’s code of conduct to ensure relationships with suppliers. The policies of Colgate-Palmolive satisfy the interest of this stakeholder group.Colgate-Palmolive must deal with the interest of several governments as stakeholder. Since Colgate-Palmolive is global company, the company should comply with laws and regulations of government. Despite their policies to address the interests of governments, the tax court of the Philippines ordered Colgate to settle large amount of deficiency recently. They need to addres1

경영/경제| 2016.11.23| 8페이지| 1,000원| 조회(244)

윤리학, 기업의 사회적 책임, 콜게이트, colgate, 영문리포트, Corpor..

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