TG-pt6요약(16)

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임용 필독 도서 teacher`s grammar TG chapter 16 요약본입니다. 한 눈에 보기 쉽고 가지런 하게 정리 되어 있습니다.

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Chapter 16. Tense and Aspect

BASIC CONCEPTS: TENSE AND ASPECT
Tense
Tense in verbs expresses the time that an action occurs in relation to the moment of speaking. It has three dimensions-present, past, and future. However, of the three times, only two are expressed in English by inflections on the verb-present and past. English generally expresses future time with the modal auxiliary verb will, or the semimodal be going to.
In addition to verb form, time is also signaled by time adverbs, and by prepositional phrases.

Aspect
Aspect expresses how the speaker views the action of the verb.
In English, two aspects are expressed through auxiliary verbs and the form of main verbs: a progressive, or continuous, aspect represents ongoing action, and a perfect aspect represents action that is complete.

Lexical Aspect
Verbs can be classified by the type of act they denote. The semantic features make up the lexical aspect of verbs. The basic categories of English verbs from this standpoint of lexical aspect are stative and dynamic.

Stative verb
The stative verbs express states or situations rather than action. The stative verbs can signify cognitive, emotional, and physical states.
● The states expressed are continuous and unchanging while they last, which usually is for a long or indefinite time.
● They do not have an end point. Verbs expressing something that has no end point are referred to as atelic verbs.

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