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영어에세이- Cruise Pollution

First DraftFloating Cities - Polluting the OceansName: Su Jung, AhnWord Count: 119050.2ForLisa KrolOutlineThesis Statement: Although cruise ships are a great way to explore our marine environment, they may be destroying the environment that people are going to see.IntroductionWastes impact seriously on our marine animal species and human diseaseRaw sewageSolid garbageGray waterOilEmissionsConclusionHave you seen the movie Titanic? It is based on a real story which is about the huge luxury cruise ship which hit an iceberg by accident and gradually sunk into the sea on April 15, 1912, and for this accident about 1,500 people died (Encyclopædia Britannica online). Cruise ships are big business. Nevertheless this big cruise ship ended miserably, today, cruise tourism has grown by more than 1,000% since 1970s when cruise ships built (Ocean Conservancy, 2004); and each year, to see the most stunning and delicate aquatic ecosystems, about 9.5 million passengers with 200 cruise ships are boardat are harmful to the marine environment. According to the Oceana, on a daily basis, each ship can generate 30,000 gallons of sewage which is dumped in the ocean. The raw sewage contains contaminants that are partly responsible for algae, seaweed. Algae’s blooming that could blur the water; also it decreases oxygen levels by bacteria and kills fish (2002). The raw sewage’s oxygen need is the most important feature of its form a discarding point of view (Gaur, 1997). These bacteria, which are caused by lack of oxygen for dumping sewage in the ocean, are dangerous to human can make them sick and destroy marine life including corals as well. The other pollutant that is harmful to marine environment is solid waste. This solid waste, such as plastic bags, cans, bottles, glass, wood, food waste, and so on, which are tossed 15 billion pounds into the ocean by human in one year, makes animal suffers from it. Because of tossing solid waste into the ocean directly, animals in the ocean have beeny on human health than raw sewage because gray water can contain higher level of bacteria, which causes disease, than raw sewage. Furthermore, it contains major concentrations of priority pollutants with other contaminants, such as pesticides, medical and dental waste, oil and grease, metals, and detergent for laundry as well (Schmidt, 2000). As I have mentioned above, dumping raw sewage and solid waste, and producing gray water from the cruise ship impact on marine animals and human diseases. It is easy to dump to the ocean, but it is hard to recover. These are not killing the ocean quickly but slowly, dangerously and quietly impact on our marine environment.Next, oil from the cruise ship tourism is especially harmful to marine species. Oil spills and leaks from cruise ships are the main reasons. Leaking and spilling of oil and gasoline, and releasing of oily bilge water, which is from the cruise ships’ bottom, into the ocean can contaminate fish and other marine organisms seriously (ot least, emission from the cruise ship tourism causes air pollution, acid rain, and human disease. The Oceana explains that one cruise ship produces emissions and creates smokestack are the same as 12,000 automobiles each day. Plus, because of burning low-quality fuels from the most of the cruise ships, emissions from the cruise ships cause many problems with air pollution. For example, this low-quality fuel produces “50 times more toxic pollutants than the dirtiest diesel trucks” (p. 4); and incinerators from the cruise ships discharge poisonous chemicals as well as cancer-causing chemicals like dioxins and mercury. Due to the cruise ships emissions, not only does air pollution cause, but also it contributes to acid rain, human diseases like asthma, and climate change by sulfur emissions in the world. Air pollution from cruise ships is created by diesel engines that burn high level of sulfur fuel, which causes acid rain as well (Oceana, 2002). The Ocean Conservancy reports that “the doesn’t regulate the amount of emission to the air, dreadful effect to the environment would be more serious.In conclusion, wastes, oil spills, and emissions by cruise ships are the largest part of the significant three pollutants that are harmful to the environment including marine life and human. Even though cruise ships only operate in the sea, it does not just harm marine environment. It does hurt the environment as well. This “floating city” is the sources of greatest volumes of waste, which can impact on marine water quality, marine environment, and public health. The problems that I have mentioned will go up in the near future. There is no need that we dump waste into our oceans where we are going to see and enjoy. If we are a little more concerned about marine environment, the environment will become clean slowly.ReferencesGaur, G. (1997). International encyclopaedia of environmental pollution and its management: Volume-2 Water pollution and its management. New Delhi: Sarup & 3

인문/어학| 2006.10.10| 9페이지| 1,500원| 조회(619)

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