2016.06.04Grammar point♠ - 어/아 지다 (져요).The 지다 (져요) means begins to be . . . Or gets (to be).좋다 ‘good’ :좋아지다 ‘gets better’좋아요 ‘is good’좋아져요 ‘gets better’피곤하다 ‘tired’ :피곤해지다 ‘gets tired’피곤해요 ‘is tired’피곤해져요 ‘gets tired’춥다 ‘cold’ :추워지다 ‘gets cold’추워요 ‘ is cold’추워져요 ‘gets cold’덥다 ‘hot’ :더워지다 ‘gets hot’더워요 ‘is hot’더워져요 ‘gets hot’나쁘다 ‘bad’ :나빠지다 ‘gets worse’나빠요 ‘is bad’나빠져요 ‘gets worse’흐리다 ‘cloudy’ :흐려지다 ‘gets cloudy’흐려요 ‘cloudy’흐려져요 ‘gets cloudy’♠ Notice that natural English often uses a phrase to translate such compounds: Warms up, cools off etc.)♠ Tense:더워요 is hot더워져요 gets hot더워졌어요 got hot더워질 거예요 will get hot♠ Ex) 요즘 낮에는 더워지고 밤에는 추워져요.‘Lately, it gets warm in the daytime and gets cool at night날씨가 갑자기 흐려졌어요. ‘It got cloudy suddenly’여름 방학 동안에 머리가 길어졌어요. ‘My hair got long over the summer holiday’♠ - (으)려면. : If one intends to …If one intends to do, if one is fixing to do, if one wants to do, and so on.설악산에 가려면, 일찍 일어나야 해요 ‘If you want to (intend to) go to Mount Sorak, you have to get up early.불어를 배우려면 프랑스에 가야 돼요. If you want to learn French, you have to go to France.시험을 잘 보려면….오래 살려면…영국에서 맛있는 음식을 먹으려면…Reference:Continuing Korean / by Ross King and Jae-Hoon Yeon ; with Insun Lee. 2002
1. Neutralization (중화)In Korean, final consonants are never released. And this complete closure of obstruents at the end of a syllable results in neutralization. Neutralisation is caused by final consonants being unreleased. Unreleased consonants with the same place of articulation cannot be distinguished. Therefore, onlyㅂ,ㅁ,ㄷ,ㄴ,ㄹ,ㄱ and ㅇ appear as distinguishable final consonants.[ㄱ,ㄲ,ㅋ ㄱ / ㄷ,ㄸ,ㅌ,ㅅ,ㅆ,ㅈ,ㅉ,ㅊ,ㅎ ㄷ / ㅂ,ㅃ,ㅍ ㅂ ] ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ, ㅇEx) 꽃 [꼳] ‘flower’ 밭 [받] ‘field’ 앞 [압] ‘front’
•This pattern combines : -더 + -ㄴ 데요 (여진씨 집에 있어요? Is Yeojin at home?아까 없던데요. She wasn’t there just a moment ago [ --would you like more info?] 아침에 뉴몰든에서 좋은 구두를 팔던데요.They were selling some nice shoes on Newmalden in the morning.•It cannot occur with a first person subject. This is because used to indicate something that the speaker has observed from a remote standpoint.
♠ - 기 때문에 “ Because”•It is used when expressing the reason or cause of some fact.•After a regular noun + 때문에 means because of Noun 제 동생때문에 못 가겠어요. I won’t be able to go because of my brother 날씨 때문에 방학이 별로 재미 없었어요. My vacation wasn’t much fun because of the weather•–기 form followed by 때문에 by reason of, because of means because one does/is or did/was or will do/will be.점심에는 다른 약속이 있기 때문에 저녁에 만나기로 했어요.Because I have another engagement for lunch, I’ve decided to meet in the evening.오늘 시험에 합격했기 때문에 기분이 좋아요.Because I passed the exam today, I am in a good mood.
•– 을 텐데 걱정이다 is used when the speaker is expressing concern about a possible situation. •When a speaker worries that some situation might happen –을 텐데 걱정이다 is used.: 지금 가면 길이 막힐 텐데 걱정이에요.: 그거 무거울 텐데 걱정이에요.: 우리 아이가 아직 밥을 못 먹었을 텐데 걱정이에요.•When a speaker worries that he/she will not be able to do something that he/she really has to do or something should be done ‘아/어 야 할 텐데 걱정이다’ is used.