*혜* 스토어

*혜*

개인

팔로워0 팔로우

소개

등록된 소개글이 없습니다.

전문분야 등록된 전문분야가 없습니다.

판매자 정보

학교정보

입력된 정보가 없습니다.

직장정보

입력된 정보가 없습니다.

자격증

입력된 정보가 없습니다.

판매지수

판매중 자료수

5개
전체 판매량

42개
최근 3개월 판매량

0개
자료후기 점수

평균A+
자료문의 응답률

33%

전체자료 5개

Regenerative Dentistry: Growth Factor (cytokine) Control of Periodontium Regeneration

Regenerative Dentistry: Growth Factor (cytokine) Control of Periodontium RegenerationPeriodontiumPeriodontal Disease ( Periodontitis ) Caused by the bacterial biofilm Destroys the periodontium – extends to the tooth structure and tooth supporting structure Cannot fully restore normal structure and its functionRegenerative Dentistry (MSC)Dental MSCs Classified according to differentiation potentials 2 major groups: 1. Periodontium associated stem cells Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) 2. Dental pulp associated stem cells Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) Dental follicle progenitor/precursor cells (DFPCs)How are they defined as MSCs? Display BMSC characteristics: STRO-1 CD146 – MSC markers Adherence to plastic Colony forming efficiency Clonogenic progenitor cell (CFU-F) count Proliferative ability Multi-lineage differentiation potentials Odontogenic (Calcified nodules, DSPP) Adipogenic (Oil-red-O-positive, PPAR γ 2, LPL) Neurogenic ( Nestin , GFAP)SHED ( in vitro ) Fig 1 (Miura et al. , 2003)SHED ( in vivo ) - histology Fig 2 (Miura et al. , 2003)Growth Factors Growth factors cytokines can regulate: Migration Attachment Proliferation and differentiation  P romote and stimulate regeneration of periodontal tissue Currently in clinical trials IGF-I PDGF BMPs FGF-2 ( bFGF ) BDNFPDGF + β -TCP Fig 3 (Nevins et al. , 2005)Conclusion Growth factors and cytokines are important in regulating migration, attachment, proliferation and differentiation of MSCs Regenerative medicine using stem cell and growth factors and cytokines – safe and efficient Need further research Can provide great benefitsREFERENCES Nevins M, Giannobile WV, McGuire MK, Kao RT, Mellonig JT, et al. (2005) Platelet-derived gowth factor sitmulates bone fill and rate of attachment level gain: results of a large multicenter randomized controlled trail. Journals of Periodontology 76: 2205-2215. Miura M, Gronthos S, Zhao M, Lu B, Fisher LW, Robey PG, Shi S. 2003. SHED: stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100: 5807-5812.{nameOfApplication=Show}

의/약학| 2009.11.25| 12페이지| 1,500원| 조회(456)

치과, 줄기세포, 치아, stemcell, growth factor, dentis..

미리보기

닫기
Growth factor control of dental stem cells in regenerative dentistry

Growth factor control of dental stem cells in regenerative dentistryWord count: 3321IntroductionThe periodontium is the tooth supporting tissues composed of two hard (cementum and alveolar bone) and two soft (periodontal ligament and gingival) tissues. The periodontium can be inherited or acquired, and the most significant among these is periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the bacterial biofilm that forms around teeth and progressively destroys the periodontium, ultimately resulting in the loss of the affected teeth. Peridontitis occurs to some degree in all cultures and may threaten quality of life as oral functions are concerned. Conventional periodontal treatment can mechanically remove bacterial biofilm to restrict the gingival inflammatory process and the progression of periodontitis but cannot fully restore normal structure and function because periodontium has a limited capacity for natural regeneration; once the disease becomes established, xpressed early adipogenic master gene PPARγ2 and the late marker lipoprotein lipase (Gronthos et al., 2002), indicating that DPSCs have the capacity to differentiate into adipocyte-like cells. Furthermore, previous studies provided evidence that DPSCs express nestin, an early neural precursor cell marker, and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), an antigen characteristic of glial cells (Gronthos et al., 2002), indicating that DPSCs can differentiate into neuron-like and glial-like cells as well.SHED are another heterogeneous population of clonogenic, highly proliferative MSCs capable of multipotential differentiation. Deciduous teeth have significantly different developmental processes, tissue structure and function compared to permanent teeth, thus SHED are more immature and distinct from MCSs extracted from permanent teeth such as DPSCs with respect to their higher proliferation rate, increased cell-population doublings, sphere-like cell-cluster formation, osteogenic induction, and ic protein, an important progression factor for the entire cell cycle to be traversed; its ability to inhibit apoptotic death has been demonstrated in multiple cellular systems. In the particular context of the periodontium, IGF treatment inhibited fragmentation in periodontal ligament fibroblasts, compared with gingival fibroblasts, during serum withdrawal and was associated with up-regulation of several anti-apoptotic molecules and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic molecules (Han and Amar 2003a, b). Previous investigations also suggest that IGF-I may have an important role in bone repair, because IGF-I is produced by osteoblasts and stimulates bone formation by inducing cellular proliferation and osteoclast-progenitor cell differentiation. Thus, IGF-I has a multitudes of effects that may regulate bone turnover by the fact that IGF-I promotes matrix (collagenous and non-collagenous protein) synthesis in vitro, has modest effects on osteoblast and periodontal ligament mitogenesis, and iapeutic modality for periodontal regeneration. At the late stage of regenerating process, FGF-2 increases the number of undifferentiated MSCs, enhancing the potential of desirable periodontal tissue regeneration (Takayama et al. 1997; Murakami et al., 1999).Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)BDNF has shown to play a role in the survival and differentiation of central and peripheral neurons but it is also expressed in various types of non-neural cells and tissues as well. Periodontal ligament cells and endothelial cells have been found to produce BDNF and express tyrosine protein kinase receptor for BDNF(TrkB) mRNA, suggesting that BDNF may modulate the proliferation and differentiation of periodontal ligament cells (Kurihara et al., 2003). A study demonstrated efficient periodontal tissue regeneration promoted by BDNF in vivo without ankylosis and epithelial down-growth. Preliminary study indicated that BDNF elevates ALPase activity and expression of osteogenic proteins (osteopont/insulin-like growth factor-I combination on bone regeneration around titanium dental implants: results of a pilot study in beagle dogs. Journal of Periodontology 62: 710-716.Lynch SE, Williams RC, Polson AM, Howell TH, Reddy MS, Zappa ue, Antoniades HN. 1989. A combination of platelet-derived and insulin-like growth factors enhances periodontal regeneration. Journal of Clinical periodontology 16: 545-548.Matsuda N, Lin WL, Kumar M, Cho MI, Genco RJ. 1992. Mitogenic, chemotactic and synthetic responses of rat periodontal ligament cells to polypeptide growth factors in vitro. Journal of Periodontology 63: 51-525.Miura M, Gronthos S, Zhao M, Lu B, Fisher LW, Robey PG, Shi S. 2003. SHED: stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100: 5807-5812.Mochizuki H, Hakeda Y, Wakatsuki N, et al. 1992. Insulin-like growth factor-I supports formation and activation of osteoclasts. Endocrinology 131: 1075-1080.MuraT 1

공학/기술| 2009.11.25| 21페이지| 3,500원| 조회(564)

치과, 줄기세포, 치아, stem, growth factor, dentistry, 성장인자

미리보기

닫기
Research paper - Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: Right or Wrong 평가A+최고예요

Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: Right or Wrong?Submitted by Jennifer ShinTo Mr. Mike DickmeyerEngl 1020-4BEnglish Composition IIAugust 15th, 2007Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: Right or Wrong?It has been said that life is a precious gift that is to be received from the Creator with gratitude which should be cherished, preserved, and enhanced in every way possible. However, when the potential for meaningful, joyful, desirable life has been thoroughly exhausted and every effort made to prevent the inevitable, individuals now have the option to legally take back this gift of life. Euthanasia and assisted suicide enable individuals to seek assistance from physicians in hopes of ending their own lives, with complete disregard to nature’s course. The ideas of euthanasia and assisted suicide are highly debated between those who believe that euthanasia and assisted suicide enable individuals to seek assistance from physicians in hopes of ending their own lives, and those who believe that eut will I suggest such a plan.” Therefore, opponents believe that Hippocrates at least implicitly distinguishes the idea between killing and allowing to die (Parker 26).Due to the advances in medicine, society has shifted the focus from survival to issues of prevention and quality of life. Thus, the Hippocratic tradition of non-intervention was replaced by a new imperative – to do everything medically possible to increase a person’s longevity. In transforming the practice of medicine, it is argued that the scientific advances reduced the relevance of the Hippocratic Oath. Proponents of euthanasia and assisted suicide argue that the oath has many proscriptions that are no longer observed, such as prohibition of surgery, “I will not use the knife – even on sufferers from bladder stone.” Surgery is now a specialist and respected part of medical practice, yet it was prohibited by the terms of the Hippocratic Oath because it was too dangerous to even consider. (McLean and Britton 47) This couzed almost exclusively on the basis of criteria of productive efficiency, according to which a hopelessly impaired life no longer has any value” ("Assisted Suicide Is Immoral"). The patient may be depressed temporarily or may undergo a change of mind. In Oregon, one of the states which euthanasia and assisted suicide is legal, of the thirty-eight persons who in 2005 were assisted in committing suicide, only two had been referred for psychiatric evaluation. Many doctors are not skilled in diagnosing clinical depression (Hentoff 134), and in fact, a misdiagnosis may occur, when in fact a patient is only depressed and not terminally ill. Hence, doctors should never cease or withhold treatment even though the case looked hopeless, if so doing hastened death ever so slightly. However, the suggestion of misdiagnose, some argue, are only theoretical possibilities, but they do not have much bearing on the patient who is dying. By the time a person is dying of a chronic degenerative disease, orndividual commits to remove one’s autonomy irreversibly.However, opposition to assisted dying are concerned about a slippery slope, where patient’s choices could be abused. Beyond the opposition to assisted dying based on concerns about potential abuse is the threat of the so-called slippery slope. According to opposition’s theory, legalization of euthanasia and assisted suicide would be followed by non-voluntary euthanasia, involving patients whose current personal desires could not be evaluated due to pressure from family or financial circumstance or believe that patient is burden on society. From there it would be a short step to involuntary euthanasia, where death is forced upon people who understand the circumstance and do not want to die. This practice may permit even the most limited forms of assisted suicide; eventually be killing the handicapped, the poor, the elderly, abnormal babies, and anyone else who becomes inconvenient or a burden. (Kass 23)In this extreme form it is sunstead of facing life’s challenges head on. It is nearly impossible to monitor a patient’s true intentions when they are in the process of considering an assisted suicide or euthanasia. Even though being diagnosed by a terminal illness can be easily proven by a person’s physical state, a mental illness may not be as easy to detect. In fact, euthanasia and assisted suicide may not lead to slippery slope under strict restrictions, but just the fact of opting to kill one’s soul to escape the tribulations of reality should not be considered as an option at all. The human body was created to endure pain and to learn trivial life lessons by losing ones we love. Ending a life by penetrating a lethal injection into one’s arm is hardly a “death with dignity,” but rather a death without faith and potential meaning of life.Works Cited"Assisted Suicide Is Immoral." Opposing Viewpoints: Suicide. Tamara L. Roleff. SanDiego: Greenhaven Press, 1998. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. M

의/약학| 2008.04.30| 13페이지| 3,000원| 조회(1,942)

안락사, English, Euthanasia, research paper, 영논..

미리보기

닫기
Narrative Essay- THE SUN AND THE MOON 평가A+최고예요

The Sun and the MoonA Narrative EssaySubmitted by Jennifer ShinTo Mr. Mike DickmeyerEngl 1010-4CEnglish Composition IJune 25th, 2007The Sun and the MoonOnce upon a time, a widow woman lived in the mountains with her son and daughter. Each day, the mother went to the village to work in a nobleman’s house in order to support her family and always brought left-over food to feed her children. While she was gone to work, the boy was in charge to take care of his younger sister. Living in the mountain was very dangerous because there were many frightening animals like the wolf, tiger, and bear living in the mountains. The mother always warned her children to be careful.One night, the mother was returning home from the village. As she was walking through the woods, a tiger jumped out onto the path and said, “Old woman, what are you carrying on your head?”“A basket of buckwheat pudding for dinner,” she replied.“If you don’t give me one, I will eat you up,” the tiger growled. So she gave him a ent on her way. But the tiger was not content and he stopped her again and again in the same ways until he had eaten all of her puddings. With the empty basket on her head, she went on her way. The tiger ran ahead and once more jumped out onto the path and demanded a piece of pudding.“You greedy old tiger,” she cried. “You’ve eaten all my puddings! What do you want me to do now?”“Give me your arms or I will eat you up,” he replied and so she gave the tiger her arms and went on her way. But the evil tiger stopped her once more and gobbled up the rest of her in a single gulp!Back home, the children waited for their mother to come home. When it got dark, they went inside and locked the door, for they remembered her warnings to be careful of the tigers that lived in the mountains. They were very hungry, but there was no food, so they lay down on the floor and waited for their mother to bring supper. Meanwhile, the tiger had dressed himself in the poor woman’s clothes and, thinking what a tunds so strange. Is it really you?” the girl asked.“Of course, this is your mother! I have spent the day chasing sparrows away from the barley, so my voice is rather hoarse,” the tiger replied.But the children were not convinced so they said, “Mother, please put your arm through the hole in the door and let us see it.” When the tiger put one of his paws through the hole, the children felt it and asked, “Mother, why is your arm so rough?”“I had to do the laundry today and I starched the clothes with rice paste. That must have made my arms so rough,” explained the tiger.But the children were not convinced so they peeked out through the hole in the door and saw the big tiger standing there. Needless to say, they were very frightened, but they were also very clever. They quickly ran outside through the back door, climbed the big tree near the water well and quietly hid in the branches. Again, the tiger asked the children to open the door, but, of course, there was no answer. Finally, he be but he could not find them.The next morning, the weary tiger sat down by the well to rest. As it became light, he saw the reflections of the boy and girl in the water of the well. Thinking that they were hiding inside, he said, “Oh, my poor children. You have fallen in to the well. I must rescue you.” The children were watching from high up in the tree and could not stop themselves from laughing at the stupid tiger. Hearing their laughter, the tiger looked up and discovered their hiding place. “Oh, my poor children, you are stuck up in the tree. How can I rescue you?” he said.“Get some sesame oil and smear it on the tree trunk. That will make it easy for you to climb up,” the boy replied.The tiger ran and got a jug of sesame oil and rubbed it all over the tree trunk, but, of course, the oil made it very slippery. Although he tried again and again, he kept falling on the ground in a heap. The girl laughed at the tiger and accidentally said, “You need to get an axe! Stupid tiger.” The tIf we are worthy, please save us.” At once, the iron chain descended from the sky. The children quickly climbed onto the chain and it gently pulled them through the clouds to the Heavenly Kingdom. The frustrated tiger then prayed, “Heavenly King, please send the iron chain for me, too” but the Heavenly King sent the rotten straw rope down to the tiger instead. The tiger grabbed onto the rope anyway and it slowly pulled him up toward the Heavenly Kingdom. But, when it was half way up, the rope broke and the tiger crashed into a sorghum field and splattered into a million pieces.It is told that the tiger’s blood is what made the sorghum red. The boy and girl lived happily in the Heavenly Kingdom, but no one may remain idle in the Heavenly Kingdom, so the Heavenly King gave them a special task to perform. The Heavenly King made the little boy into the moon to shine gently at night and the little girl into the sun to light the world by day. It is told that when she became the sun, the peopE 4

인문/어학| 2008.04.29| 5페이지| 2,000원| 조회(630)

Essay, 영작문, English, composition, narrative

미리보기

닫기
Informative speech about taegukgi 태극기 평가A좋아요

Attention: How much do you know about your national flag? If you have seen Taekwondo demonstrations or have participated in one did you ever wonder what that red and blue looking flag means? Importance: Every country has a flag that symbolizes the nation. Though the same can be said for any country, one thing that cannot be overlooked in understanding Korea and its people is their national flag, Taegeukgi. According to the book, Flags of the World, "The Korean flag is rich in symbolism and is one of the most beautiful flags in the world" Credibility: I am Korean so I thought this would be a good opportunity to learn more about my national flag. Preview: In this speech, you will learn the literal meaning of TaeGeukGi and more importantly what it symbolizes to Korean national history.

인문/어학| 2007.06.18| 9페이지| 3,000원| 조회(1,783)

태극기, speech, informative, Public Speaking, f..

미리보기

닫기