Dangers of OverpopulationAccording to Worldometers that shows real time population figure, World population reaches 7.4billions in 2016. World population is rapidly growing than ever. There were only 7 million people in B.C 4000. World population shows a steady growth curve until 1815 that shows a billion people. Since then, World population reached 1.6billions in 1900 and 7billions in 2011. Demographers predict that the number of world population will reach 9.6billions in 2050 and even 10billions in 2082 from its current form. If world population increases geometrically, it would be a disaster to Earth and all the life forms especially humanity.The First problem is food that suspicion of sustainable food supply. Economist Thomas R .Malthus (1766~1834) on his book “An Essay on the Principle of Population(1798)” that population would theoretically grow at an exponential rate, rapidly exceeding its ability to produce food to support itself. At one time, this theory was disapproved by theeed improvement that leads to rapidly increase in production. It seems to resolve food shortage problem. Actually, the green revolution mostly settled food issues. But this marvelous technology caused side effects. Excessive using of chemical fertilizer contaminated soil. Polluted land lost their nourishment and hard to make continuous production. Nobody knows how long people can cultivate contaminated soil with using artificial manure or pesticide.Second problem is natural resource. As we know. Natural resources in Earth are limited. We can’t use resources forever and these things can’t be fairly distributed. There are 3 main resources that are important to human. First, Water is representative resources. All people need to intake enough water to sustain their life. While population increases, water is still limited. So there must be conflict to obtain water. Second is wood. People cut tree for cultivation, timber and sites for construction. Logged area will be devastated and logging frica, depletion of two resources caused desertification. last, Oil is core energy in modern industries and life. Futurologist Jim Dator(2014) have insisted that oil will be drained in 20~40 years. Although scientist developed alternative energy that bioenergy, solar energy and shale gas, it is still not adequate level to replace oil. Therefore, lack of resources can bring serious threats to human race.Contrary to above two effects that influence of nature, last effect is about artificial aspect; job. Theoretically when population increases, demand increases. Then Capitalist hires more employees to catch up demand. However, job growth cannot follow population growth in reality. This theory applies not only future but also nowadays. Business depression increases the rank of unemployed. Because of numerous labor, workers have no choice but to work with low wage under capitalist. Excessive labor force leads to low wage worker and unemployed to poverty. Additionally, artificial intelligenc, A.I can effectively work 24hours 7days without rest. Employment situation is getting worse. People have difficulty in making a living by work more and more because of their excessive mankind.Consequently. There are several effects of overpopulation. Overpopulation affects food, natural resources and job. Lack of food and resources can cause ecological problem. Overpopulation aslo waste human resource and prouduce surplus labor Even though there are some positive effects of overpopulation, negative effects overtake positive effects. Apparently, increasing population leads to serious trouble for not only human race but also earth. It’s not a just simple issue. Overpopulation have a close relation with Earth and all life forms in Earth. So, we need to find a way to avoid upcoming tragedy.BibliographyOnline article- jung ok hwang, tae ryung im, find a soultion about international water shortage, korea joonang daily, http://news.joins.com/article/17619134,accessed date october 30, 2016,Ontion increases, reducing employment rate, media jeju, Hyperlink "https://lec.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=172919" https://lec.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=172919Website- MIT technology review. Accessed date october 30, 2016. http://techm.kr/bbs/board.php?bo_table=article&wr_id=1050Book-Thomas R .Malthus, An Essay on the Principle of Population. 1798.Online article- ,Jae yul shim, disaster of oil depletion is upcoming, New daily, Hyperlink "https://www.newdaily.co.kr/news/article.html?no=198830" https://www.newdaily.co.kr/news/article.html?no=198830, accessed date october 30, 2016Book- Alan, weisman, Countdown: Our Last, Best Hope for a Future on Earth?, Back Bay Books (May 6, 2014)Website- total world population, Accessed october 30, 2016. Worldometers. Hyperlink "http://www.worldometers.info/kr/" http://www.worldometers.info/kr/Website- Reduced forests and desertification, accessed date october 30, 2016, Me. Hyperlink "http://www.me.go.kr/webdata/education/nation/2_4.htm" ht
Should we switch over from conscription to volunteer military system?All south Korean male aged 20 or older must carry out their military duties for 18 months. In 2014, private first class Yoon was killed by his senior’s cruel treatment. In the same year, sergeant Im gun fired at his battle buddies. Because he was suffered from military irregularities. In order to settle down military problems, volunteer military system came to the fore. However, volunteer military system is not the answer. This system is out of touch with South Korea reality. Therefore, we should maintain current system, conscription system.First reason to maintain current system is that we are under the preliminary wartime situation. The Korean War is not over, just stopped. Even if North Korea invades South Korea tomorrow, it’s not surprising thing. Furthermore, U.S. government also designated our country as a troubled region. We cannot convert to volunteer system in this situation that stands against neighboring enstarts demographic cliff phenomenon(Harry Dent, 2014) that is rapidly reduced 16~64 years old working age population in 2017. Decreasing population means that reducing available military force. According to national statistical office (2016), the number of Conscript soldiers will be reached 230,000 that contrast to current about 600,000 active duty member. Converting to volunteer system will intensify military “Demographic Cliff” problem. Therefore, we need to maintain our current system. Additionally, Natural decreasing population phenomenon cuts down military maintenance expenditure and D.O.D (Depart Of Defense) can enhance reward and treatment for soldiers using rest of budget. We can turn crisis into opportunity.Last reason is expenditure. First of all, most of military budget are used purchasing state of the art weapons that combat plane, fleet, missile. If D.O.D allocates budget to 300,000 volunteer soldiers for $2,000 monthly wage, additional budget is expected to reach 3~4 billeer military system weakens our military strength.Volunteer military system supporters might claim that if current system is changed, military irregularities and harsh treatment will be removed. Because under the volunteer military system, person who want to become soldiers has to obtain qualification that aspects of physical, mental. These real soldiers do not abuse military system and purify wicked practice. This idea has good intension but ideal. I admit that military has a lots of problems and corruptions. However changing the way that recruit person is not solution. Problem is system. Opponent’s opinion can be retorted by the experiment. In 1971, psychologist Philip Zimbardo conducted experiment called Stanford prison experiment when he was professor at Stanford university. Professor recruited 24 ordinary people and randomly assigned prison guard or prisoner role in the mock prison. Professor give control of prison to prison guard. Surprisingly, prison guard physically harassed anIn conclusion, there are four reasons that unnecessary to introduce volunteer military system. Changing current system makes army more vulnerable and puts national security in threat. If Korea is united and become wealthier in the future, volunteer military system is worth consideration. But it is difficult to apply actual world in several aspects that geographical condition, social trend and financial status. In other words, conscription system is best option that we can choose in the present situation. Therefore we should maintain mandatory recruiting system.Bibliography and ReferenceGeo Il, Bok, conscription and volunteer military system, Joongang Ilbo, Hyperlink "http://news.joins.com/article/20691870" http://news.joins.com/article/20691870, accessed November 24, 2016Dent, Harry. The Demographic Cliff, penguin random house LLC, 2014.Won Sub, Geum, “The hot issue of the ruling party is volunteer military system, pros and cons”, Chosun Ilbo, Hyperlink "http://news.chosun.com/site/dats.joins.com/article/17550383, Accessed November 15, 2016Hyung Jung Kim, “it’s time to start volunteer military system”, general politics, http://www.nocutnews.co.kr/news/42052, Accessed November 15, 2016Kye Yeon, Kim, “Supreme court sentenced the death penalty to sergeant Im”, Yonhap News, Hyperlink "http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2016/02/19/0200000000AKR*************2004.HTML" http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2016/02/19/0200000000AKR*************2004.HTML, Accessed November 15, 2016“The military balance”, international institute for strategic studies (IISS), accessed November 24, 2016, Hyperlink "http://www.iiss.org/en/publications/military-s-balance" http://www.iiss.org/en/publications/military-s-balance“Newsquare”, “conscription vs volunteer military system”, Newsquare, Hyperlink "http://www.newsquare.kr/issues/1251" http://www.newsquare.kr/issues/1251, Accessed November 16“military revolution, is volunteer military system solution?”, Joongang Magazine, Hyperlink "https://16
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