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정부 다문화 정책의 문제점 (영문)

The problems and alternative plans forforeign resident policy of governmentSungkyunkwan University2018.12.12Ⅰ.IntroductionIn third-quarter of 2018, birthrate of Korea falls to 0.95 per 100,000 people. Despite of government's efforts of overcoming this crisis, birthrate of Korea still decreases and makes lack of national's labor powers. Not only the global trends of 'Borderless society' but also the labor power from developing countries such as China and Vietnam show us that rate of foreign residents in Korea is increasing. In 2016, foreign residents in korea exceed 2 million and foreign residents will be approximately 3 million in 2021 according to the Korea Research Institute for Human settlement.Figure1 Number of foreign residents in Korea and population of KoreaNumber of immigrants are also increasing through marriage or descendents of Korean immigrants. According to the report in 2017 of National Statistical Office, number of marriage immigrants increases 152,374 peoples in 2016 frge education and assimilation on korean culture, ineffective for the multicultural families themselves and nationals who can not relate to these problems. The direction for multicultural society policies needs to be changed based on the case of other countries.Ⅱ. Problems of policy of governmentThe first problem is the repetition of the policies. The types of repetitions are as follows : policy overlap between central government departments, policy overlap between the central government and local governments and Similar policy without taking into account the characteristics of each region.The first type of repetition is policy overlap between central government departments. For instance, a job-support program for married immigrants (Business code 2-2-2-1-2) are organized both under the committee of Ministry of Employment and Labor and Ministry of Gender Equality and Family. Also, there are many duplicated programs such as Korean language classes (Business code 2-3-1-1-1), foreign couns between those departments are worked. However, for the budget and manpower of their departments, they did not give up their own policies and projects.In central government, There are 15 government departments involved in foreign policy mentioned in the law. For reducing the repetition of foreign policy, foreign policy committee is being set up and running by government every year. Prime minster has authority to adjust and distribute the policies for foreign residents. However, prime minster does not have the right to mobilize budget and labors for the foreign policy committee. Because of the contradiction of prime minister’s authority, the process for the adjustment of policy is nominal for these pending issues.Also, process for adjusting the policies between local government and central government is quite slow and difficult for their the complexity of structure. Superior organization doesn’t have the authority to control the policies which caused by lack of articles and laws. Furtheign residents and effort to social integration are insufficient and have narrow-minded solutions.Ⅲ. Solution and alternative policy for governmentFor finding breakthrough for above two problems, we can refer to the case of other countries. First, Germany, Japan and Canada establish the foreign policies focused on the regional characteristics. The core of the foreign policies are not the central governments, but the local government who can get the autonomy of the policies and consistent policies for the foreign residents who live in that region. The central government just proposes the objections and direction for the foreign policies compared to the our policies based on the central government’s specific and independent policies.On the contrary, we can establish the structure for integrating services for foreigner through general departments for foreign policy.France establish Ministry of Immigration and National identity and integrate the service for the foreigners. Germany also estacourse and education for law, economy and society. These country experiences the social problems that half of the budget for social welfare were used for poor immigrants in 1990s. To overcome this issue, they reinforce the duty of learning and citizenship of immigrants.Also, we need to establish the specific policy for skilled workforce from other countries. These groups allow reconsidering the image of foreign residents and saving budget for adaptation and social welfare. United state, France and Germany have specific policy and visa types for skilled workers. Even if we establish the similar policy for allowing visa to highly educated and skilled workers, these group only takes in 4% of foreign residents in Korea. It is insufficient for their need and lack of policies for supporting these group. To attract skilled workers, we have to consider the policy to offer the best environment to settle down such as education, residence and workplace.Finally, we have to reconsider the direction71

사회과학| 2019.03.31| 9페이지| 1,000원| 조회(141)

레포트, 다문화, 정책, 영문, 다문화정책

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