1. Objective 1) To understand the operating method and principle of continuous stirred tank reactor. 2) To understand reaction mechanisms by measuring conductivity of each reactor.<중 략>4. Factors of errorLocation of measurement instrumentIn the experiment video, I can see that conductivity measurement instrument is located on the left, not the center. The valve where solution released from previous reactor flows in is on the left side. So, conductivity will surge when KCl is moved, and this can not represent conductivity of reactor.
1. Objective 1) Understanding the operating method and principle of continuous stirred tank reactor. 2) Understanding the characteristics and reaction mechanisms of each continuous stirred tank reactor by measuring the change of KCl solution concentration. <중 략>It is a type of long tube reactor. It is mainly used in process where residual reactants is less or which is easy to control the reaction temperature because control a temperature of reactor is difficult. This reactor has advantage that it is easy to maintain and has high conversion. When reaction is in steady state, has constant density and tube diameter, and a single reaction, PFTR equation is obtained as follows. is linear velocity, is concentration of species j, and is a stoichiometric coefficient of species j.
1. Objective 1) Understand liquid-liquid extraction 2) Understand the principle of extraction instrument 3) Draw the graphs of the concentration of acetic acid and find out relation of liquid-liquid extraction and extraction conditions such as stroke or flow rate.<중 략>4. Factors of Error When stroke was decreased from 60 rpm to 30 rpm, the concentration of acetic acid was decreased in the light liquid. On the contrary, the concentration of acetic acid was increased in the heavy liquid. That means, as rpm decrease, the amount of extraction is increased. But, in fact, extraction occurs well when rpm is high, Therefore, we can suppose that there are some factors of error. 1) Titration We titrated heavy liquid with 1M NaOH solution. But, pH meter measuring pH exactly was not used. The device used was eyes. The moment where color is changed would be various according to observer. To get a better result, we have to use pH meter. In addition we repeat a lot of times.
1) Extraction is a separation where the solvent dissolves specific substance in the mixture of two or more substances. Chemical reaction and solubility are examples of method of extraction. It is a solid-liquid extraction that solid is extracted, and liquid-liquid extraction is occurred in the liquid. ① Solid-liquid extraction Solid-liquid extraction is an operation of selectively extracting specific component of a solid by using solvents to solid which is particle or powder state. Operation is often batch process. When sufficiently extracted, it is a typical method of extraction to separate the desired ingredients by filtering solids and liquids or refining the liquids by centrifuging.
1. Objective 1) Understanding the principle of distillation 2) Separating two different liquid that are water and methanol with distillation column 3) Estimating the theoretical number of theoretical plate and efficiency using McCabe-Thiele method then finding optimal reflux ratio.<중 략>4. Factors of error 1) Measuring When measure volume and time, there must be an error because human measures it. When estimate time to get flow rate, the time we got is not exactly 10 seconds. In addition, the volume of liquid is measured by only eyes and mass of liquid and flask we got is not accurate. When making MeOH and water solution, there would be an error too. It means 50 mol% feed liquid is not 50 mol%. Those factors make error. 2) Steady state We use water pump and boiler. Therefore, experiment did not process in steady state. Maybe heat transfer occured, and fluid flow was not steady.