Disgraced (Play by Ayad Akhtar)Amir 와 Abe의 미국 사회 속 생존 방법: 동화되기Amir: American dream을 꿈꾸었던 파키스탄계 미국인. 이슬람교도(무슬림)이라는 자신의 정체성을 부정하고 미국 주류 문화에 동화되고자 했다 - (성(last name)을 Kapoor로 바꿈) & 부모님 국적 바꿈 (파키스탄인인데 인도로)Abe: 미국 사회에서 살아남기 위해 동화되는 척했다 (표면상으로) / But, 자신의 정체성을 지운 것은 아님 -> 툭하면 모스크에 감 + 이맘 도와달라고 부탁하러 옴 -> 후에 진정한 정체성을 구축! (이름을 다시 바꿈)그러나! 반이슬람에 대한 저항의 시작은 자신의 정체성 찾기, 인정, 회복임. (탈식민적 이슬람 정체성의 회복)그리고! 결국 무슬림의 정체성을 절대 지울 수 없는 Amir임. (뼈에 새겨진 것 & 911때 자부심 느꼈다고 함)벨라스케스의 Juan de Pareja 와 Emily가 그리는 Amir의 초상화[에밀리는 벨라스케스의 초상화 후안드 파레야 (Portrait of Juan de Pareja)에 영감을 받아 동일한 양식과 구성으로 남편 Amir를 그린다.]-> 벨라스케스는 곧 화가인 Emily, 후안데 파레야는 곧 그려짐을 당하는 모델 Amir를 상징 -> 두 쌍의 이해관계가 비슷하다.- 사회적 강자와 약자로서의 대립 관계: 화가인 Emily는 일방적으로 Amir를 관찰하며 그린다. Emily의 요구에 의해 수동적으로 그려지고 있는 모델인 Amir.-> 인종차별적 면모를 보임: 후안데 파레야는 벨라스케스에 의해 자유인으로 신분 해방되었으나, 그에 대한 사회의 인식은 여전히 노예, 무어인이었다. Amir도 노력해서 뉴욕 부자 중산층이 되었으나 후안데 파레야처럼, 궁극적으로는 사람들의 편견에서 벗어날 수 없다. 백인 사회의 시각에서 그는 여전히 무슬림이었다.-> 오리엔탈리즘이 보임 : 서양인이 동양이나 동양문화에 대해 갖는 태도나 관념.: 서양인이 동양인을 바라보는 왜곡된 인식과 편견을 의미한다고 사이드는 정의내렸다.여기서 주목할 점은, 오리엔탈리즘이라는 개념과 용어는 오리엔트(동양)이 주체가 되어 생성된 용어가 아니라는 점! 쿠던의 오리엔탈리즘 정의: 유럽과 서양에 의해 ‘창안 되어진’ 동양에 속하는 용어.
KimUnderstanding English LiteratureMay, 2020Emily’s Isolation: Being Trapped by Outside and Inside HerselfIn the short story "A Rose for Emily" by William Faulkner, Emily is isolated from the community of Jefferson. As she lives out of touch of society, her physical appearance turns plump like “fat woman” (2), which means she hardly goes outside. Furthermore, disconnection with society impinges on her mental aspect. It causes her to be mentally ill as inner isolation, which contributes to commit murder Homer Barron. What makes she keep in depth isolated? Emily's isolation comes from her being locked up due to outside environment and inside herself because externally, Emily’s patriarchal father oppresses her as if his possession and internally, she herself is stuck in the past, not adapting to the new things.She is isolated from society because her patriarchal father oppresses her to be detained and separated from people. He keeps Emily away from all her lovers and leaving her alone. The father’s prohibition is so strict that no one can approach her, as the narrator says “We remembered all the young man her father driven away” (4). He insists that “None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily” (3), but it is only the father’s forceful opinion, not respecting Emily at all. Besides, he represses her inner self in home. The description of him by townspeople is full of violence and patriarchy: “Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a spraddled silhouette in the foreground” (12) means dominant-subordinate relationship between her father and Emily. His clutching a horsewhip symbolizes he is a master of her as if he possesses Emily. Coercive home environment is bad for her overall. Therefore, his oppression pushes Emily away from the people and society and has a bad effect on her inside. After the father dies, some townspeople try to help her escape from isolation like calling her. However, she rejects it and eventually she can’t get away from the solitariness. That’s because the father’s suppression still quite remains in her mind and above all, Emily refuses any kind of changes.She keeps isolated because herself is stuck in the past, not adapting to the new generation. Emily is a symbol of the old generation because we can see lots of archaic things which involve with her such as, “calligraphy in faded ink” (1) and “tarnished gilt easel” (2). She refuses to accept the society where the newer generation comes in. Emily insists on no responsibility to pay taxes and going to “See Colonel Sartoris” (2) to the new deputation. It means she does not admit the new generation, new people’s functions and social roles. She is trapped in the old mindset that she has privileges in contrast to the new one that says everyone must pay taxes even noble. She wants to stay in the past by getting a haircut that makes her feel and “look like a girl” (4). Thus, her isolation also occurs through decision that she makes herself trapped in the past. Since she is cling to the old things, staying in unchanged mindset, so she cannot step forward in the changing society.Initially, the father who is the nearest person in her outside environment makes her isolated from the community. And the isolation continues to fester because Emily feels hostility towards the newer society. Although her invisible watch keeps running over time, she does not care about it, leaving herself alone in old times. She can’t live as a precious human being since she is locked in the father’s oppression that restrains her from self-determining and she can't live as a social person since she is stuck in the old mindset that is not fit in changing society. In view of these situations, we can see that close person like family member has a big influence on an individual and an open mind that accepts internal or external change is important to adapt to changing times like coming new generation.Grade: 45/45Kim PAGE * MERGEFORMAT1
Disgraced (불명예) by Ayad Akhtar 요점 정리
희곡, 미국희곡, 불명예, 아야드 악타르, Ayad Akhtar, Disgrace..
A Rose for Emily Essay <Emily's Isolation> 에세이 레포트
