광촉매를 이용한 물에서 수소분리

소개

현재의 화학적인 수소분리 기술을 소개하였으며, 지금 기술의 한계를 분석하고, 광촉매를 이용한 TiO2를 사용하여 수소를 분해하는 설계를 하였습니다.

목차

목 차

Ⅰ 서 론 ····················································································· 1


Ⅱ 본 론 ····················································································· 1

1. 현재 물 전기분해기술
1) 알카라인 전기분해 ································································· 1
2) PEM 전기분해 ······································································ 2
3) HTSE 전기분해 ······································································ 3
2. 장·단점
1)장점 ···················································································· 5
2)단점 ···················································································· 5
3. 설계 - 광촉매를 이용한 TiO2 수전해법
1) 광촉매란? ············································································ 5
2) TiO2란? ·············································································· 7
3) 문제점 ················································································ 10
4) 해결점 ················································································ 11
5) 장점 ··················································································· 11
6) 저장법 ················································································ 11
4. 추진계획 및 향후일정 ································································ 13


Ⅲ 결 론
1. 기대효과
1) 경제적 효과 ········································································· 14
2) 환경적 효과 ········································································· 15


Ⅳ 출 처 ······················································································ 16

본문내용

Ⅰ. 서 론
한정된 화석에너지와 최근 유가의 폭등, 지구 온난화 문제를 줄이기 위해 우리는 친환경 에너지 개발에 적극 힘써야 한다. 어디서든 쉽게 구할수 있는 친환경적인 물을 이용해서 대량의 수소를 분리할 수 있다. 수소에너지는 현재 여러 다양한 분야에서 쓸 수 있기 때문에 이용가치가 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. 현재 수소 생산을 위한 대표적인 방법으로는 물의 전기분해 방식과 TiO2 광촉매분해 방식이 있다. 특히 물 전기분해에 의한 수소 생산의 경우 전력을 소모하기 때문에 효율성이 떨어지므로 실용화되기 어려운 단점을 지니고 있다. 그렇다면 TiO2 광촉매분해 방식을 살펴보면 이는 태양에너지에 대한 연구 중의 하나로 독성이 없고 광활성이 우수하며 화학적으로 안정할 뿐만 아니라 값이 저렴한 장점을 가지고 있다. 촉매재료인 TiO2는 밴드갭 에너지가 3.2 eV로 비교적 높기 때문에 TiO2가 광활성을 갖기 위해서는 에너지가 큰 자외선 부근의 및(파장, e388nm)이 요구된다. 또한 태양광에 포함된 자외선의 양은 약5%뿐이므로 이번 설계에서 최대의 효율을 얻는 것이 목표이다.
1. 현재 수소분리 기술
1) 알카라인 전기분해
현재 수소발생에 사용되는 물 전기분해기술은 크게 3가지로 구분할 수 있다. 첫 번째, 물에 전기를 통하게 하기 위해 전해질인 알카라인 용액(NaOH, KOH)을 사용하고, 양극과 음극 사이에 격막을 통하여 생성된 가스를 분리하는 알카라인 물 전기분해(Alkaline Electrolysis)가 있다. 알카라인 전기분해에서의 각 전극 반응은 아래와 같다.
알카라인 전기분해의 장치에는 단극식과 양극식이 있다. 단극식은 탱크안에 전극을 평형으로 연결한 형태이다. 이 디자인은 설치와 보수가 간단하지만 낮은 온도와 낮은 전류밀도에서 작동하는 단점이 있다.

참고자료

· 미래환경
· http://www.ecofuture.co.kr/magazine/retrieveZineNewsContent.php?txtZineNewsSeq=218
· NICE, 제27권 제 5호, 2009
· 논문 - 수소 생산을 위한 물 전기분해 이해 및 기술동향
· - 광촉매 제품 개발
· - 광화학적 물 분해 무기재료 촉매
· - 가시광 활성을 갖는 광촉매용 TiO2~ 제조 특성
· 바이오세라 http://www.biocera.co.kr/What_is_Photocatalyst.htm
· NANO http://www.nanoin.com/
· 전자통신동향분석 제 23권 제 6호 2008년 12월 나노 물질을 이용한 수소 저장