꼴라쥬를 활용한 일반유아와의 협력적 미술치료 프로그램이 발달장애유아의 언어능력, 대인관계 및 주의력 향상에 미치는 효과 (Effect of Art Therapy Program by Collage on the Verbal Skills, Interpersonal Relationship and Attention of Preschoolers with Developmental Disabilities)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국특수아동학회
· 수록지 정보 : 특수아동교육연구 / 12권 / 4호 / 119 ~ 144페이지
· 저자명 : 변윤연, 권요한

초록

본 연구는 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램이 발달장애유아의 언어능력, 대인관계 및 주의력 향상에 미치는 효과가 어떠한지를 알아보는데 목적이 있다.
이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 발달장애유아 3명과 일반유아 3명을 선정하여 이들에게 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램을 33회기 동안 협력학습형태로 실시하여 수용 및 표현언어, 대인관계, 주의력 등에 어떠한 효과가 있는지를 사전-사후-유지검사 설계를 통해 알아 보았다. 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램은 총 33회기에 걸쳐 구성하였다. 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램이 발달장애유아의 언어능력, 대인관계 및 주의력 향상에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 사전, 사후, 유지 검사성적의 평균을 구하고 그에 대한 차이를 알아보기 위해 Friedman 검증을 실시하였다.
본 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램이 발달장애유아의 언어능력 (수용언어, 표현언어) 향상에 효과가 있었다.
둘째, 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램이 발달장애유아의 대인관계 개선에 효과가 있었다.
셋째, 꼴라쥬를 활용한 미술치료프로그램이 발달장애유아의 주의력 향상에 효과가 있었다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an art therapy program by collage on the verbal skills, interpersonal relationship and attention of preschoolers with developmental disabilities.
The subjects in this study were three preschoolers with developmental disabilities and three nondisabled preschoolers. An art therapy program that employed collage was provided to them in 33 sessions in the form of cooperative learning, and a pretest-posttest-retention test design was adopted to find out the effect of the program on their receptive and expressive language, interpersonal relationship and attention. The collective averages of the preschoolers in the pretest, posttest and retention test were calculated to determine the effect of the program on the verbal skills, interpersonal relationship and attention of the preschoolers with developmental disabilities, and Friedman test was carried out.
After the intervention program was implemented, the following findings were given:First, the art therapy program that utilized collage was effective at boosting the verbal skills(receptive and expressive language) of the preschoolers with developmental disabilities.
Second, the art therapy program that utilized collage was effective at improving the interpersonal relationship of the preschoolers with developmental disabilities.
Third, the art therapy program that utilized collage was effective at bolstering the attention of the preschoolers with developmental disabilities.
Based on the findings of the study, there are some suggestions:First, collage-based art therapy programs have mainly been used to improve attention so far, but this study made it clear that the collage-based art therapy program had a good effect on all the verbal skills, interpersonal relationship and attention of the preschoolers with developmental disabilities. The preschoolers with developmental disabilities whose verbal skills lagged behind had more chances to express themselves while they made works by employing collage and talked to one another, and the activities also enabled them to boost their communication skills, which served, in turn, to bring a favorable change to their attention as well. Thus, the art therapy program that employed collage allowed the preschoolers to understand each other, to satisfy their own needs and to express themselves in the course of being naturally engaged in cooperative art activities. Therefore the collage-based art therapy program could be said to be one of effective verbal intervention methods. In the future, sustained research efforts should be channeled into verifying the effect of art therapy programs on preschoolers with developmental disabilities whose characteristics are different.
Second, preschoolers with developmental disabilities usually have difficulties in interpersonal relationship, and they find it hard to concentrate their attention and interact with nondisabled preschoolers. Moreover, they are aggressive in a negative manner. But they will be able to express their ideas and then to improve their interpersonal relationship and attention while they learn with nondisabled preschoolers, helping and talking with each other. Accordingly, a variety of collage- based art therapy programs tailored to different sorts of disabilities should be developed to make the programs more accessible to teachers and disabled preschoolers.

참고자료

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