한국과 중국의 도서지역 민속신앙 비교 연구 －한국 서남해지역과 중국 주산군도를 중심으로－ (Comparison Research of Folklore Belief between Korean and Chinese Islets)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 비교민속학회
· 수록지 정보 : 비교민속학 / 35호 / 327 ~ 360페이지
· 저자명 : 이경엽

초록

This article aims to examine the universality and characteristics of Korean and Chinese islets area through the comparison of folklore belief. We attempt to examine in detail the similarities and differences of two regions by contrasting the transmission contexts and ecological transmission foundation, rather than primarily focusing on local similarities. In addition, on the basis of objective comparison we also look at the characteristics and identity of Korean folklore belief
Jusan Archipelago and Southwestern region have similar history in terms of residents' settlement. Shrines in Jusan Archipelago are related to the establishment of settlement and immigration of population to the region which became regularized in 18th century. In the Southwestern region, immigration of people which began in the vicinity of 17th century is reflected on the changes and characteristics of "Dangje", a town ritual to wish for good health, prosperity, and well-fare of the town.
Looking at the ritual calendar, it is significant that we can find folklore belief all concentrated in a specific time in both of the two regions. Folklore belief is concentrated at the end of December in Jusan Archipelago and Southwestern region from the 31st of December to 1st of January in the lunar calendar. In Korea, there are distinctive ceremonies of islets and there is a ritual calendar which is distinctive from that of the mainland. In China, there also is a distinctive islet ceremony which is similar to 'boat sacrifice' of ours.
Jusan Archipelago and Southwestern region identify the natural time with the ritual time. This can be due to the faact that the similar conception of fisher whose livelihood depended on sea is reflected on rituals. In case of Southwester region, ritual time adheres more closely to ecological time, and this is the result of the differences in ecological environment such as the difference of the flux and reflux and the development of foreshore fishery that are reflected in more detail on the folklore belief of the region.
There are a lot of similar yet different aspects in terms of oceanic belief. In case of "Dangje", in Southwestern region, there are structured rituals in which supplications are made. The purposes for rituals become more explicit in case of 'big catch ritual', 'the Sea God ritual', and 'Gatje', a ritual to wish for big catch and safety. While Chinese rituals are faith that are space-centered, Korean rituals express the wishes in oceanic belief in a more colorful way through the structuralization and ramification of ceremonies.
The characteristics of folklore belief in Korean islets regions are the continuity of religion traditions, community-oriented, festivity, diversification of ceremonies, and the meaningfulness of ecological environment. In town faith of Korean Southwester region is the Dangsan faith firmly on the foundation which can be said to be the unique religion tradition. There are many kinds of ceremonies and actual field-like situation settings and performance are noticeable. There are many kinds of ceremonies in units of individual and community and these ceremonies are performed in "Dang", towns, seashores, and fisheries, bringing out more actuality and festive vitality.

영어초록

This article aims to examine the universality and characteristics of Korean and Chinese islets area through the comparison of folklore belief. We attempt to examine in detail the similarities and differences of two regions by contrasting the transmission contexts and ecological transmission foundation, rather than primarily focusing on local similarities. In addition, on the basis of objective comparison we also look at the characteristics and identity of Korean folklore belief
Jusan Archipelago and Southwestern region have similar history in terms of residents' settlement. Shrines in Jusan Archipelago are related to the establishment of settlement and immigration of population to the region which became regularized in 18th century. In the Southwestern region, immigration of people which began in the vicinity of 17th century is reflected on the changes and characteristics of "Dangje", a town ritual to wish for good health, prosperity, and well-fare of the town.
Looking at the ritual calendar, it is significant that we can find folklore belief all concentrated in a specific time in both of the two regions. Folklore belief is concentrated at the end of December in Jusan Archipelago and Southwestern region from the 31st of December to 1st of January in the lunar calendar. In Korea, there are distinctive ceremonies of islets and there is a ritual calendar which is distinctive from that of the mainland. In China, there also is a distinctive islet ceremony which is similar to 'boat sacrifice' of ours.
Jusan Archipelago and Southwestern region identify the natural time with the ritual time. This can be due to the faact that the similar conception of fisher whose livelihood depended on sea is reflected on rituals. In case of Southwester region, ritual time adheres more closely to ecological time, and this is the result of the differences in ecological environment such as the difference of the flux and reflux and the development of foreshore fishery that are reflected in more detail on the folklore belief of the region.
There are a lot of similar yet different aspects in terms of oceanic belief. In case of "Dangje", in Southwestern region, there are structured rituals in which supplications are made. The purposes for rituals become more explicit in case of 'big catch ritual', 'the Sea God ritual', and 'Gatje', a ritual to wish for big catch and safety. While Chinese rituals are faith that are space-centered, Korean rituals express the wishes in oceanic belief in a more colorful way through the structuralization and ramification of ceremonies.
The characteristics of folklore belief in Korean islets regions are the continuity of religion traditions, community-oriented, festivity, diversification of ceremonies, and the meaningfulness of ecological environment. In town faith of Korean Southwester region is the Dangsan faith firmly on the foundation which can be said to be the unique religion tradition. There are many kinds of ceremonies and actual field-like situation settings and performance are noticeable. There are many kinds of ceremonies in units of individual and community and these ceremonies are performed in "Dang", towns, seashores, and fisheries, bringing out more actuality and festive vitality.

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