대지진에 의한 건축물의 재해 패턴 분석 (An Analysis of Disaster Pattern by Huge Earthquakes)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국주거환경학회
· 수록지 정보 : 주거환경 / 16권 / 2호 / 57 ~ 72페이지
· 저자명 : 신상화, 김진, 박강근

초록

최근에 우리나라에서 발생한 경주 지진(2016년)과 포항 지진(2017년)으로 인하여 원자력 발전소, 고층 아파트, 조적식 주택 등의 건축물에 대한 지진 피해의 심각성을 인식하고 있다. 이러한 시기에 기존의 지진의 피해에 대한 재해 패턴을 보다 면밀히 분석하여 체계화함으로써 지진 발생 시에 피해를 최소화 할 수 있고 사회 전반에 대한 지진 대비 시스템을 구축할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 지진에 대한 피해 상황 및 피해 패턴을 분석하고 피해가 심각한 건축물의 이유와 문제점들을 조사하고, 지진에 효과적으로 저항할 수 있는 건축물을 설계하기 위한 구조설계 개념을 제시하였다. 최근에 전 세계적으로 대지진의 발생회수가 점점 더 증가되고 있고 때문에 지진에 대해서 보다 잘 이해하여 보다 안전하고 경제적인 건축물의 설계가 매우 중요하다고 생각된다.

영어초록

An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. There are three main types of fault, all of which may cause a plate earthquake by normal, reverse and strike-slip. Many earthquakes are caused by movement on faults that have components of both dip-slip and strike-slip that is known as oblique slip. Many earthquakes occur away from the plate boundary and are related to strains developed within the broader zone of deformation caused by major irregularities in the fault trace. Earthquakes often occur in volcanic regions and are caused there, both by tectonic faults and the movement of magma in volcanoes. A particularly dangerous form of slow earthquake is the tsunami earthquake caused by the slow propagation speed of some great earthquake. Since 1900, there have been 20 huge earthquakes (magnitude 7.0–9.0). Earthquakes that caused the greatest loss of life were deadly because of their proximity, where earthquakes often create tsunami that can devastate communities thousands of kilometers away. In order to the effective measures of earthquake disaster, the evaluation of earthquake disaster risk is indispensable. The huge earthquakes in Japan caused the tsunami and the radiation damage of nuclear power plants. The damages of buildings are the failure of columns, the crack of beams, the crack of walls, the failure of foundations, the overturning of structures, the fall off of exterior cladding, the fall of interior finish, etc. This study is to analysis the disaster pattern by huge earthquakes, and proposes the design method of improved building to resist earthquake. The effect of buildings on earthquakes is very complex, it difficult to consider all of them in seismic design. The authors think to find the solution of earthquake problems through analyzing damage patterns of buildings.

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