민사법상 수인한도론에 관한 연구 (A Study on the theory of the Endurance limit under the Civil law)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사법학회
· 수록지 정보 : 비교사법 / 23권 / 4호 / 1545 ~ 1594페이지
· 저자명 : 김성남

초록

수인한도는 합리적인 사람이 사회생활에서 참을 수 있는 한도를 말하는 것이고, 수인한도론은 이 수인한도에 대한 해석론으로 민법 제217조를 그 출발점으로 한다. 생활방해는 정당한 권원에 의한 권리행사로 인하여 이웃 토지 소유자 및 거주자에 대한 방해 또는 손해가 문제가 되므로 당해 생활방해를 동반하는 권리행사에 대한 위법성 여부의 판단이 중요하고, 그 기준이 되는 것이 수인한도이다.
판례에서는 위법성 판단을 위한 수인한도의 일반적 판단기준과 그 외 침해유형별로 새로운 기준을 제시하기도 하여 구체적 사례에서의 모든 사정을 종합적으로 고려하여 그 초과 여부로서 위법성을 판단하고 있다. 그러나 모든 개별적 사정을 종합하여 고려하는 방법은 모든 사정을 일일이 검토하여 그 초과 여부를 정한다는 것인지 포괄적으로 종합 판단한다는 것인지 애매하고, 종합적 판단은 물론 그 판단기준을 일일이 검토한다고 해도 어느 기준에서 어느 정도의 가중치로 최종적인 수인한도 판단에 영향을 미치는지에 대해 알 수 없어 객관성을 결여한다.
본고에서는 생활방해에 대한 위법성 판단기준인 수인한도 초과 판단의 객관성을 확보하기 위해 침해유형별로 주된 수인한도 판단기준을 설정하여 그 중요도를 설정하고 그 단계별로 수인한도를 적용하는 3가지 구체적 판단방법을 제시해 본다.

영어초록

Article 217 of Civil law is ban to nuisance in principle. It was devised to adjust for the problem of real estate used between neighboring in reasonably and covers ownership disturbance but also the resident’s right of pain avoidance in a daily life and interpreted to neighboring land and buildings, thus carving personal interest to live in decent conditions out of its application. According to this have to duty of endurance for the any condition but if beyond that condition can do the claim of the appropriate action and ruled rated for determining the illegality.
That is the basis judged for illegality and over the endurance limit is determined illegality on the nuisance and environmental violations, this judgment is based on the illegality. Endurance limit means a limit that a rational man can endure while he leads a social life, which accepts illegality when an extent of infringement goes beyond the limit generally acceptable in leading a social life in respect with environmental pollution and nuisance. The theory of the endurance limit is interpretation of article 217 of the civil law.
The court is to judge for endurance limit, whether it goes beyond endurance limit by comprehensively considering decided taking into account public utility of inflicting company, locality, the order of priority of land use, special circumstance of the inflicted, continuance of infliction, observance of public regulating standard, evasion possibility of damage and measure of damage prevention of inflicting party. In practice, however, only one or two major suspectability criteria for the type of infringement are applied, and other additional susceptibility criteria have an influence on the overall susceptibility, It does not seem to be actually taken into account as to how it affects the judgment.
Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish each infringement type in order to secure the objectivity of judging the infringement. This is a three-step application method for judging nuisance. In order to do this, the types of infringement against life disturbance were first identified. And, each type of infringement and according to the types of infringement, the priority factor, the supplementary factor, and the reference factor were classified and tried to specify and differentiate the application. It is a priority factor, a supplementary factor, and a reference factor. It is possible that the overriding or overvaluation may be determined from the priority factor and the overvaluation may be determined in conjunction with the supplemental or reference factor.
This leads to a demand for more detail and objective standard for the endurance limit, adjusting established requisites for protecting nuisance. They are will help to ensure rationality and objectivity of the endurance limit.

참고자료

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