唐代 藩鎭 吏職에 관한 연구 (The research about Fanzhenlizhi(藩鎭吏職) of Tang dynasty period)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동양사학연구 / 165호 / 145 ~ 199페이지
· 저자명 : 김종섭

초록

The administrative system of a Fanzhenshifu(藩鎭使府) consisted of Muzhiguan (幕職官) and Lizhi(吏職). Six of the seven Fanzhenlizhi(藩鎭吏職) were derived from three distinct systems. Fazhiguan(法職官), Kongmuguan(孔目官) and Qushiguan(驅使官) were descended from central government office. Yatui(衙推) stemmed from Caifangshi(採訪使). Yaoji(要籍) and Shuijun(隨軍) had their origins in Zongguanfu(總管府). Zhuyao(逐要), the last Lizhi was implemented after the establishment of Fanzhen(藩鎭).
The Sheguanfenzhi(設官分職) principle stated that a single duty should be assigned to divide up responsibilities. Accordingly, the duties allocated to each office under Fanzhenlizhi. Yatui(衙推) was in charge of prison-related tasks. Fazhiguan was responsible for the analysis and the application of the law. Yaoji inspected and transferred the documents that went through fanzhen. Zhuyao supervised the finances of fanzhen. Shuijun was in control of the access to varied warehouses of fanzhen. Kongmuguan compared and checked documents against the list. Qushiguan managed miscellaneous tasks.
The organization of Lizhi under Fanzhenshifu was adapted from the governmental offices under the central government and the temporarily organized organization. To suit the purpose of Fanzhen, certain central government offices were newly implemented as well. Consequently, Fanzhen could establish a distinguishable administration system that was not disparate from the administrative system of Tang dynasty.
Fanzhenlizhi was assigned arbitrarily by Jiedushi(節度使) through Die(牒) without the approval from the central government. Depending on one’s performance, Fanzhenlizhi could acquire Sanguan(散官) or Shiguan(試官) from the central government upon the request of Jiedushi. Sanguan and Shiguan were honorable positions despite they lacked any authority. By assigning Sanguan and Shiguan to Fanzhenlizhi, the central government could not only gain information from them but also be partially involved in their human resource affairs.
Fanzhenlizhi harmonized with the whole system of administration by adopting preexisting offices. Moreover, Fanzhenlizhi took charge of the substructure of Fanzhenshifu, which led to systematic operations of Fanzhen and central administration. Thus, to understand the political and social context of the late Tang dynasty, it is crucial to consider the perspective that the expanding Fanzhen took over a range of Tang dynasty’s governmental offices. However, while tracking the reason behind how Tang dynasty subsisted for 150 years after Anshizhiluan(安史之亂), one may find a clue in the administrative system of Fanzhenshifu revolving around the court, Fanzhen and Fanzhen’s civilian assistant.

영어초록

The administrative system of a Fanzhenshifu(藩鎭使府) consisted of Muzhiguan (幕職官) and Lizhi(吏職). Six of the seven Fanzhenlizhi(藩鎭吏職) were derived from three distinct systems. Fazhiguan(法職官), Kongmuguan(孔目官) and Qushiguan(驅使官) were descended from central government office. Yatui(衙推) stemmed from Caifangshi(採訪使). Yaoji(要籍) and Shuijun(隨軍) had their origins in Zongguanfu(總管府). Zhuyao(逐要), the last Lizhi was implemented after the establishment of Fanzhen(藩鎭).
The Sheguanfenzhi(設官分職) principle stated that a single duty should be assigned to divide up responsibilities. Accordingly, the duties allocated to each office under Fanzhenlizhi. Yatui(衙推) was in charge of prison-related tasks. Fazhiguan was responsible for the analysis and the application of the law. Yaoji inspected and transferred the documents that went through fanzhen. Zhuyao supervised the finances of fanzhen. Shuijun was in control of the access to varied warehouses of fanzhen. Kongmuguan compared and checked documents against the list. Qushiguan managed miscellaneous tasks.
The organization of Lizhi under Fanzhenshifu was adapted from the governmental offices under the central government and the temporarily organized organization. To suit the purpose of Fanzhen, certain central government offices were newly implemented as well. Consequently, Fanzhen could establish a distinguishable administration system that was not disparate from the administrative system of Tang dynasty.
Fanzhenlizhi was assigned arbitrarily by Jiedushi(節度使) through Die(牒) without the approval from the central government. Depending on one’s performance, Fanzhenlizhi could acquire Sanguan(散官) or Shiguan(試官) from the central government upon the request of Jiedushi. Sanguan and Shiguan were honorable positions despite they lacked any authority. By assigning Sanguan and Shiguan to Fanzhenlizhi, the central government could not only gain information from them but also be partially involved in their human resource affairs.
Fanzhenlizhi harmonized with the whole system of administration by adopting preexisting offices. Moreover, Fanzhenlizhi took charge of the substructure of Fanzhenshifu, which led to systematic operations of Fanzhen and central administration. Thus, to understand the political and social context of the late Tang dynasty, it is crucial to consider the perspective that the expanding Fanzhen took over a range of Tang dynasty’s governmental offices. However, while tracking the reason behind how Tang dynasty subsisted for 150 years after Anshizhiluan(安史之亂), one may find a clue in the administrative system of Fanzhenshifu revolving around the court, Fanzhen and Fanzhen’s civilian assistant.

참고자료

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