로테르담 규칙상 유통가능 운송서류 소지인의 권리와 책임 (Rights and Liability of Holder’ Negotiable Transport Document under the Rotterdam Rules)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국무역상무학회
· 수록지 정보 : 무역상무연구 / 86권 / 101 ~ 121페이지
· 저자명 : 조종주

초록

로테르담 규칙은 유통가능 운송서류의 양도에 의해 소지인의 권리가 양도되며, 또한 소지인이 권리를 행사하는 경우에 책임을 부담하는 통일법제를 제정하였다. 즉, 로테르담 규칙 제57조는 소지인이 운송서류를 인도 또는 배서함으로써 운송계약에 명시된 권리를 양도할 수 있고, 제58조는 소지인의 권리행사여부에 따라 소지인의 책임이 달라집니다.
따라서 로테르담 규칙이 통일된 법제로 제기능을 수행하기 위해서는 양도가능 운송서류를 소지한 자가 어떠한 절차에 따라 어떠한 권리가 이전되며, 양도가능 운송서류의 소지인이 어떠한 권리를 행사함으로써 책임을 부담하는 지를 이해하고, 이에 대한 문제점을 숙지할 필요가 있다.

영어초록

The Rotterdam Rules provide for a unified legislation in which the rights of holders are transferred by the transfer of negotiable transport documents, and holders who exercise their rights are responsible. Article 57 of the Rotterdam Rules provides that holders may assign the rights set forth in the contract of carriage by endorsement or delivery of the transport documents. In addition, Article 58 of the Rotterdam Rules differs according to depend on whether or not the rights of the holder are exercised. If the holder has not exercised his rights, he will not be held responsible. This means that banks who are not directly related to a contract of carriage, are not responsible for trade transactions.
On the other hand, if the holder has exercised his rights, he will be responsible for what rights should he exercise. The exercise of the rights shall be classified into passive and positive acts. The passive act is regarded as a substitute for the procedural right of transport documents with an electronic transport record, the transfer of rights of the holders, and mutual procedural cooperation. Therefore, they do not hold the owner responsible. Active action is the case where the holder exercised the right to dispose of the goods during the carriage, change the terms of the contract of carriage, claim delivery for goods, and file a claim. In this case the liability shall be borne by the holder and shall be liable to the extent that it can be inserted or confirmed in the transferable transport document.
In order for Rotterdam Rules to function as a unified law, legal rights and responsibilities should be identified without filing a lawsuit and should be well understood by the maritime transport parties.

참고자료

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