교수-학습에서 선행조직자 활용의 뇌과학적 해석과 교육적 시사점 (Significance and Directions of the Instruction which Applied the Advanced Organizer)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국초등교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 초등교육연구 / 27권 / 2호 / 1 ~ 25페이지
· 저자명 : 조주연, 강문선

초록

이 연구의 목적은 Ausubel의 선행조직자 개념을 살펴보고 최근의 뇌과학적 성과에 비추어 효과적인 교수-학습을 위한 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 뇌과학적 관점에서 선행조직자를 활용한 교수-학습은 (1) 학습내용에 기초를 두기 때문에 학습자의 인지구조가 경제적으로 형성되며 (2) 중요한 개념과 그렇지 않은 개념의 위계관계가 뚜렷하여 신경망이 효율적으로 구성되고 (3) 학습자로 하여금 내적 주의집중을 형성하고 유지하게 할 수 있다는 점에 의의가 있다. 보다 효과적인 선행조직자 활용을 위한 교육적 시사점은 교사 자신의 이해에 기초한 선행조직자의 조직, 학습자 인지구조에 적합한 선행조직자 제시, 인지구조의 정리단계 제공이다.

영어초록

The goal of this study is to explore Ausubel’s theory of ‘advanced organizer’ based on the recent brain-scientific research results and draw out educational implications for effective teaching/learning. The advanced organizer teaching/learning interpreted in the brain scientific viewpoint has meanings as follows: (1) When the educational content is the based of the teaching and learning, the learner’s cognitive structure is formed in more qualitative way. (2) The advanced organizer teaching/learning hierarchically divide important concepts and unimportant ones from the beginning of teaching/learning. This division helps the brain’s neural networks develop to function more efficiently. (3) Teaching/learning using advanced organizer could lead students to pay and maintain more attention to the meaning of the educational content. Also, it could help students become to have more positive affection on the learning content.
Three educational implications were suggested based on the review. First, in order to use advanced organizer successfully, teachers must identify the core concept of the educational content based on the teachers’ understanding of the educational contents. Second, before presenting the advanced organizer, teachers must grasp the learner’s prior cognitive structure, because the meaning of educational contents could become different according to the learner’s cognitive structure. Third, teachers must present the stages in which students can adjust their own cognitive structures.

참고자료

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