캄보디아에서 우기에 노지 저단밀식재배 한 토마토의 생산성과 경제성 (Productivity and Economic Analysis of Truss-Limited Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Grown at a High Density in Open Field During the Rainy Season in Cambodia.)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국국제농업개발학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국국제농업개발학회지 / 36권 / 3호 / 229 ~ 237페이지
· 저자명 : 정서영, 정보석, 송영주, 이응호

초록

캄보디아에서 우기에 노지 토마토 저단밀식재배의 효과를살펴보고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. 관행(70×40 ㎝ 간격으로 정식)은 4화방 상위 엽 2매를, 저단밀식 구(20×20 ㎝와 25×25 ㎝ 간격으로 정식)는 2화방 상위 엽 2매를 남기고 각각 적심하였다. 처리별 생육, 과실 특성, 수량, 발병도 및 경제성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 정식 후 39일과 60일 저단밀식 구의 초장, 경경, 엽장, 엽폭 등의 생장은 관행에 비해 저조하였다.
2. 과장과 과경은 저단밀식 구에서 관행에 비해 9%와 15% 이상 짧거나 좁았다.
3. 당도는 20×20 ㎝(5.35 oBrix)와 25×25 ㎝(5.28 oBrix)에서관행(4.43 oBrix)에 비해 19% 이상 높았다.
4. 주당 수량은 관행에서 가장 많았으나 ha당 수량은 20×20 ㎝(27,790 ㎏)와 25×25 ㎝(19,340 ㎏)에서 관행(13,970 ㎏)보다99%와 38%씩 각각 증가하였다.
5. 흰비단병(Sclerotium rolfsii)은 발생하지 않았으나 역병(Phytophthora infestans)은 심하게 발생하였으며, 역병 발병지수는 관행(2.0)보다 20×20 ㎝(4.5)와 25×25 ㎝(3.6)에서 현저히 높았다. 생육 후기에 역병 발병지수가 높은 저단밀식구에서도 정상적으로 과실을 수확할 수 있었으나 안정적인수량 확보를 위해 작물보호제의 적기 살포를 권장한다.
6. 경제성분석 결과 ha당 소득은 관행(1,149천원)에 비해20×20 ㎝(5,668천원)와 25×25 ㎝(1,863천원) 저단밀식 구에서4.9배 및 1.6배씩 각각 높았다.

영어초록

This study was conducted to analyze the productivity and economic feasibility of truss-limited tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) grown at a high density in Cambodia during the rainy season. During the rainy season in Cambodia, due to excessive rain and very high temperature, tomatoes cannot grow well in an open field, leading to a greatly reduced yield. High density truss-limited cultivation (HDTLC) of tomatoes can shorten the growing season and increase yields. In conventional cultivation (control), tomatoes were transplanted at a spacing of 70×40 cm and harvested up to the 4th fruit cluster. In HDTLC, tomatoes were transplanted at a spacing of 20×20 cm or 25×25 cm and harvested up to the 2nd fruit cluster. Plant heights in HDTLC were higher than those in the control at 22 days after transplanting (DAT). At 39 DAT, plant heights did not differ between 25×25 cm and control. At 60 DAT, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width of the HDTLC were lower than those of the control. Fruit length and width were also lower in HDTLC compared to those of the control. However, sugar content was more than 19% higher in HDTLC compared to that in the control. Yield per plant of the control was the highest, but yields per ha in HDTLCs were 99% (20×20 cm) and 38% (25×25 cm) higher, respectively, compared to that of the control. No pesticides were used for disease control in this experiment. However, to ensure yield, it is recommended to observe the disease status of plants and spray pesticides at the appropriate time. The disease index (1: disease-free; 5: all leaves were disease-infected) of late blight (Phytophthora in destans) was significantly higher for 20×20 cm (4.5) and 25×25 cm (3.6) groups compared to the control (2.0). Income with 20×20 cm (5,668 thousand KRW) and 25×25 cm (1,863 thousand KRW) were 4.9 and 1.6 times higher, respectively, compared to that with the control (1,149 thousand KRW). So, we want to spread the HDTLC technology, which transplanting of tomato seedlings at 20×20 cm intervals and harvests up to 2nd fruit cluster, to Cambodian farmers.

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