신뢰와 갈등, 그리고 지식공유가 개인창의성에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Trust, Conflict, and Knowledge Sharing on Individual Creativity)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한경영학회
· 수록지 정보 : 대한경영학회지 / 29권 / 5호 / 711 ~ 735페이지
· 저자명 : 김현진, 설현도

초록

지식공유와 창의성에 대한 이슈는 지식경영 및 창조경영을 추진하고 있는 기업이나 지식자원을 전략적으로 활용하려는 기업에게 실무적으로 매우 중요하다. 그러나 선행연구를 살펴보면 지식공유가 창의성에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이라는 논의가 많이 이루어지고 있음에도 불구하고 지식공유와 개인창의성의 관계를 직접적으로 실증분석한 연구는 많지 않은 실정이다.
본 연구는 그 동안 이론 위주로 논의 되었던 지식공유와 개인창의성의 관계를 실증분석하고, 신뢰와 갈등이 개인창의성에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 지식공유가 매개역할을 수행하는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 특히 신뢰는 인지적 신뢰와 정서적 신뢰로, 갈등은 과업갈등과 관계갈등으로 구분함으로써 이들의 영향력을 보다 구체적으로 검증하고자 하였다.
이를 위해 팀제 조직으로 운영되는 우리나라 기업의 구성원 312명을 대상으로 구조방정식을 활용하여 실증 분석하였으며, 내적일관성과 확인적 요인분석에 의해 각각 신뢰도와 타당성을 확인하였다.
분석결과, 정서적 신뢰는 지식공유와 개인창의성에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 과업갈등과 관계갈등은 지식공유에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 관계갈등의 경우 연구가설과는 반대로 개인창의성에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 지식공유는 개인창의성에 직접적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 정서적 신뢰와 개인창의성의 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다.
이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 그 동안 지식공유가 개인창의성을 향상시키는데 기여할 것이라는 여러 학자들의 가정을 실증적으로 확인하였으며, 관계갈등이 창의성을 저해한다는 선행 연구의 주장이 우리나라 기업의 조직구성원을 대상으로 할 경우 다른 결과가 나올 수 있음을 제시하였다. 또한 조직 내 정서적 신뢰의 구축과 지식공유 활성화가 기업의 창의성을 제고하는데 중요하다는 실무적 시사점을 제공하였다. 마지막으로 판별타당성과 인지적 신뢰 개념에 대한 방향성 문제 등에 대한 본 연구의 한계점을 제시하고 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

영어초록

In these days, the success or failure of a firm depends on the value creation based on the creativity. The management has been focused on how to build and enhance the innovation and creative competence for the firm’s success. Also, scholars have been suggested creativity and innovation as crucial factors in achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. How to encourage creative behavior in workplaces is, therefore, a critical issue for the leader. Understanding the relationship between knowledge sharing and creativity is a key factor to the leader for the strategic knowledge creation and creativity management. On the other hand, the knowledge conversion basically based on the social interaction between various persons in organizations. Consequently, creativity is very much dependent on knowledge sharing which based on social interactions. However, surprisingly, there has been few empirical research on the relationship between knowledge sharing and creativity, even though the discussions which knowledge sharing would be positively related to creativity are often noted in the literature.
Additionally, in accordance with the variation which teams were gradually settled in a major form of firms, this change has caused the increase of issues on trust and conflict in the team. Previous research has emphasized the impact of trust and conflict in the knowledge sharing and creativity. Because trust and conflict influence employees’ creative behavior and social interaction such as knowledge sharing by affecting cognitive and motivational processes of team members. In this regard, we consider trust and conflict are appropriate variables to reveal the causality between knowledge and creativity in detail.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between knowledge sharing and individual creativity which have been discussed theoretically to date and to examine the mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationships between trust, conflict, and individual creativity. Specifically, this study focused on the mediating role of knowledge sharing and the impact of subdivisions of trust and conflict that can be classified as cognitive and affective trust, task and relationship conflict.
The study utilized data on 312 respondents working in a team structure at Korean companies and analyzed with structural equation modeling techniques to test the hypothesis. To verify the reliability and validity in this study applied the reliability test on the basis of internal consistency and the confirmatory factor analysis.
The result of the study shows that affective trust had positive effects on knowledge sharing and individual creativity. Second, in contrast to previous research, task conflict and relationship conflict had non-significant impacts on knowledge sharing. Furthermore, on the contrary to previous findings, relationship conflict had a positive influence on individual creativity significantly. Third, knowledge sharing had a direct impact on individual creativity. Finally, the results present that knowledge sharing partially mediates the effect of affective trust on the individual creativity.
We discuss the implications of these findings for effective facilitating knowledge sharing and individual creativity. The basis of our findings, we examine the assumption of scholars empirically that knowledge sharing will stimulate individual creativity. Furthermore, our findings provide theoretical implications that it can be difficult in Korean companies to generalize the previous research which relationship conflict will certainly hinder creativity. In addition, practical implications of this study emphasize the importance of constructing affectivetrust and activating knowledge sharing in the organization for enhancing individual creativity. Lastly, we present limitations of this study about the discriminant validity and the conception of cognitive trust and suggest future research directions.

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