중국의 노동법제 개혁과 글로벌 거버넌스에 대한 북한의 시각과 대응 (The Viewpoints and Responses of North Korea on the Reform of Labor Law in People's Republic of China and Global Governance)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 국립부경대학교 인문사회과학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 인문사회과학연구 / 15권 / 2호 / 1 ~ 30페이지
· 저자명 : 윤대규, 민경배

초록

본 연구는 중국의 노동법제 개혁과 이를 위한 글로벌 거버넌스의 지원에 대해 여전히 계획경제를 고수하고 있는 북한이 어떤 시각과 대응을 해 오고 있는지를 검토한 것이다.
중국의 노동법제 개혁에 대한 글로벌 거버넌스 차원의 협력과 지원의 목표는 시장경제질서의 정착에 맞추어져 있었다. 북한은 노동법제 개혁을 포함한 글로벌 거버넌스 차원에서 이루어지는 다양한 형태의 법제협력은 결국 제국주의국가들이 법이라는 수단을 활용하여 경제적 예속을 가속화하는 도구로 인식하고 있다. 북한은 자신의 ‘사회주의노동법’이 자본주의국가는 물론 다른 사회주의국가의 노동법과도 다른 ‘우리식의 독특한 사회주의 노동법 구성 체계’라고 그 우수성을 주장하고 있다. 그러나 개성공업지구에서 북한의 사회주의노동법이 아닌 시장경제기능을 일정하게 수용한 ‘개성공업지구 노동법제’가 적용되고 있다. 개성공업지구 노동법제가 시장경제체제에 기초한 노동법제의 개혁에는 크게 미치지 못하지만 북한의 사회주의노동법 내용에서 상당히 진일보한 것으로 그에 대한 대응으로 판단할 수 있다.

영어초록

This study addresses the standpoints and responses of North Korea, which still adheres to planned economy, toward global governance to support the reform of labor law in People's Republic of ChinaOn the level of global governance claiming such principles as rule of law, democracy, market economy, and protection of human rights, international organizations and individual states have set the settlement of market economy order as the aim in their cooperation for and support of the reform of labor law in People's Republic of China. Accordingly, lifelong employment, based on planned economy system, has been replaced by contract-based employment. And as administrative intervention decreases, labor policies have been gradually legalized and the relationship between labor and management has been legally regulated. Key issues of the reform included systematic introduction of labor contract, diversification of employment forms, introduction and utilization of dismissal system, diversification of labor conditions, permission of organizations to protect the rights of workers, and systematization of resolution of labor disputes. With virtually no experience of international cooperation on the level of global governance, the standpoints of North Korea toward international cooperation are generally negative. North Korea's acceptance of global cooperation and support may mean change of its systems and reform of laws to support the change. North Korea regards various forms of legal cooperation on the level of global governance, including reform of labor law, as a means imperialist states employ to accelerate others' economic subordination to them. Arguing that its "socialist labor law" is different from the labor law of not only capitalist states but also other socialist ones, North Korea claims its excellency as "our unique socialist labor law system." However, the legislation of "Hapyeongbeop", the Joint Investment Law, in 1984 to open up its economy to foreign countries and the designation of special economic districts triggered the reform of labor law. For the present, different from North Korea's socialist labor law as it has accepted functions of market economy to some extent, the "Labor Law of Gaeseong Industrial District" is applied, among several special economic districts, only to Gaeseong Industrial District. The labor law of Gaeseong Industrial District is far from the reform of labor law toward market economy system. Nevertheless, it is another step for the socialist labor law of North Korea. The government of South Korea should continuously seek alternative policies that can drive reformative development of the labor law of Gaeseong Industrial District and change of North Korea's socialist labor law based on the reform. The first step of such efforts should be communication and reconciliation, which will result in reinforcement of exchange and cooperation between the two Koreas and establishment of a peace regime.

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