진단검사 목적 & 정상치 (표로 정리)

문서 내 토픽

1. HEMATOLOGY

WBC는 감염과 관련된 문제나 혈액 질환이 있을 경우, 혹은 면역력과 관련되어 있다. RBC의 수는 빈혈 혹은 적혈구 증가 유무를 파악하는데 사용된다. Hgb은 폐에서 조직으로 산소운반과 조직에서 폐포로의 탄산가스 운반기능을 한다. Hct는 Whole Blood중에서 적혈구가 차지하는 비율이다. MCV는 적혈구 하나하나의 평균용적을, MCH는 한 개의 적혈구 안에 들어있는 평균 Hgb수치를, MCHC는 적혈구 100cc에 들어있는 평균 Hb 농도를 나타낸다. RDW는 RBC의 분포폭을 나타낸다. Platelet는 혈액 응고에 관여하며, Pct는 빈혈의 척도로 사용된다. MPV는 평균 혈소판 용적을, PDW는 혈소판 입자 분포폭을 나타낸다. POLY, BAND, Neutro, Lymph, Mono, Eosino, Baso는 적혈구 형태와 관련된 지표들이다. ESR, BT, CT는 병의 호전 및 출혈경향을 알아보는 검사이다.
2. URINALYSIS

요비중(S.G)은 소변내 입자의 농도, 뇨의 농축정도로 신장여과력과 농축력을 알아본다. pH는 산염기 균형에 대한 장애 여부를 판독하기 위한 검사이다. Protein, Glucose, Ketones, Bili., Blood, Nitrit, Urobili-nogen은 각각 단백뇨, 당뇨, 케톤뇨, 빌리루빈뇨, 혈뇨, 요로감염, 용혈성 빈혈 등을 확인하는 검사이다. RBC, WBC, Epicell은 요로감염이나 신장 및 요로계의 화농성 및 염증성 질환을 확인하는 지표이다.
3. ARTERY BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS

pH는 체내 산염기 불균형 척도이다. pCO2는 혈액내의 탄산가스 분압으로, 산염기 균형을 유지하는 요소 중 폐와 관련된 요소이다. pO2는 혈액내 산소농도와 관련되며, SaO2는 산소에 포함되는 Hgb을 나타낸다. HCO3, T-CO2, BE는 산염기 균형과 관련된 지표이다. Hb, Hct는 완충작용과 관련되며, K는 신경, 근조직의 흥분과 밀접한 관계가 있다.
4. BLOOD CHEMISTRY

T.Protein, Albu-mine, T.Bili, D.Bili는 간질환과 관련된 지표이다. Choles-terol, HDL-Chol은 지질대사와 관련된 지표이다. AST, ALT, ALP, γ-G.T는 간 기능 관련 효소이다. Glucose는 당뇨와 관련된다. BUN, Crea-tine은 신장기능의 지표이다. Uricacid는 통풍과 관련된다. Tg는 동맥경화증과 관련된다. In. P, T. Ca, Mg.는 전해질 관련 지표이다. Na., K., Cl., TCO2는 산염기 균형과 관련된다. Fe, T.I.B.C, L.D.H, C.P.K, CRP는 각각 철 대사, 감염, 조직 손상 등을 확인하는 지표이다.

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1. HEMATOLOGY

Hematology is a critical field of medicine that focuses on the study of blood and its components, including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and the various disorders and diseases that can affect them. As an essential part of the diagnostic process, hematology plays a crucial role in the early detection and management of a wide range of medical conditions, from anemia and leukemia to bleeding disorders and immune system disorders. The accurate analysis and interpretation of hematological data can provide valuable insights into a patient's overall health, allowing healthcare professionals to make informed decisions and develop effective treatment plans. Continuous advancements in hematological research and technology have led to improved diagnostic capabilities, more targeted therapies, and better patient outcomes. As such, hematology remains a vital and dynamic field that will continue to shape the future of healthcare.
2. URINALYSIS

Urinalysis is a fundamental diagnostic tool in the field of medicine, providing valuable information about a patient's overall health and the functioning of their urinary system. Through the examination of various physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine, healthcare professionals can detect and monitor a wide range of conditions, from kidney and bladder disorders to metabolic imbalances and infections. The analysis of urine samples can reveal the presence of proteins, glucose, blood, and other substances, which can serve as early indicators of underlying health issues. Additionally, urinalysis plays a crucial role in the management of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease, by helping to monitor disease progression and the effectiveness of treatment. As technology continues to advance, the capabilities of urinalysis have expanded, allowing for more accurate and comprehensive assessments, ultimately leading to improved patient care and outcomes.
3. ARTERY BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS

Artery blood gas analysis is a critical diagnostic tool in the field of medicine, providing healthcare professionals with vital information about a patient's respiratory and metabolic status. By measuring the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other key parameters in the blood, this analysis can help identify and monitor a wide range of respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, metabolic acidosis, and respiratory failure. The accurate interpretation of artery blood gas results can guide the management of critically ill patients, informing decisions about ventilator settings, oxygen therapy, and the need for further interventions. As a complex and specialized procedure, artery blood gas analysis requires skilled healthcare professionals and advanced equipment, but its importance in the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening conditions cannot be overstated. Continuous advancements in this field, including the development of more accurate and efficient analysis methods, will undoubtedly continue to improve patient outcomes and enhance the overall quality of healthcare.
4. BLOOD CHEMISTRY

Blood chemistry analysis is a fundamental diagnostic tool in the field of medicine, providing healthcare professionals with a comprehensive understanding of a patient's overall health and the functioning of various organ systems. By measuring the levels of various substances, such as electrolytes, enzymes, hormones, and metabolites, in the blood, this analysis can help identify and monitor a wide range of medical conditions, from metabolic disorders and liver disease to kidney dysfunction and endocrine imbalances. The accurate interpretation of blood chemistry results can guide the development of targeted treatment plans, inform decisions about medication dosages, and facilitate the early detection of potential health issues. As technology continues to advance, the capabilities of blood chemistry analysis have expanded, allowing for more precise and efficient testing, as well as the identification of new biomarkers that can provide even greater insights into a patient's health. Ultimately, the importance of blood chemistry analysis in the field of healthcare cannot be overstated, as it remains a critical component of the diagnostic process and a key tool in the pursuit of improved patient outcomes.

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