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문서 내 토픽

1. digoxin

digoxin(250μg/1ml)은 세포막의 na+/k+ 펌프를 억제하여 심장근육의 세포내 칼슘농도를 높여 심근 수축력을 증가시켜 심박출량을 늘이고 비정상적인 심박동수를 조절한다. 급속 포화 요법(포화량 : 1.0-2.0㎎)은 1회 0.25-0.5㎎을 2-4시간마다 주사하며, 유지요법은 1일 0.25㎎을 투여한다. 부작용으로는 서맥 또는 빈맥을 포함한 심박동 장애, 혼돈, 발작 등이 있다.
2. cordarone

cordarone(150mg/3ml)은 나트륨 및 칼륨 채널 억제, 알파 및 베타 아드레날린 수용체 차단으로 심방세동, 심실세동 및 기타 부정맥의 치료에 사용된다. 심근경색 후 심장 이상의 재발을 예방하기 위해서도 사용한다. 투여 용량 및 속도에 따라 혈관 확장에 의한 저혈압, 서맥 등의 부작용이 있을 수 있다.
3. isoptin

isoptin(5mg/2ml)은 칼슘통로차단제로, 심근과 혈관의 평활근 세포막 안으로 칼슘의 유입을 억제하여 심박수, 심근 수축력 및 심근전도를 억제시키고 관상동맥, 뇌동맥 그리고 말초동맥을 확장시켜 혈압을 낮추고 심장부담을 감소시킨다. 부작용으로는 서맥, 혈압저하, got/gpt 상승, 구역, 구토, 방실블 럭, 두통 등이 있다.
4. lidocain

lidocain 2%(20mg/20ml)은 심실세동, 무맥성 심실빈맥, 심실 조기수축 시 사용된다. 심정지 시 1mg/kg bolus로 투여하며, 5-10분 간격으로 0.5mg/kg를 반복 투여한다. 제세동에 반응하지 않는 심실세동 시에는 한 번에 15mg/kg 투여한다. 과량 투여 시 심근 수축력 감소, 혈압강하, 신경장애 등의 부작용이 초래될 수 있다.
5. atropin

atropin(0.5mg/1ml)은 acetylcholine의 작용을 억제하여 부교감 신경계 활동을 차단하고 AV node 전도시간과 불응기를 짧게 해주며 SA node에서 automatic discharge를 증가시키고 심방 수축성을 증가시킨다. Asistole, 서맥성 PEA 시 3-5분 마다 iv로 투여하며, 심근허혈이 있는 환자는 악화 가능성이 있으므로 반복 투여하지 않는다.
6. epinephrine

epinephrine(1mg/1ml)은 α, β adrenergic 수용체의 강력한 자극제로 심장에서 α1 수용체를 흥분시켜 수축력 증가와 심박동수 증가, 정맥수축으로 심장흥분성을 증가시킨다. CPR 시 3분마다 1mg iv로 투여하며, line 확보가 어려울 경우 e-tube 내로 투여한다. 과량 투여 시 심근허혈과 심실부정맥 우려가 있다.
7. calcium chloride

Calcium Chloride Injection 3%(600mg/20ml)은 저 칼슘혈증에 의한 테타니 증상 있을 시, 마그네슘 중독 시 투여한다. 성인: 0.4~1g을 1일 1회(0.68~1.36mEq/min) 투여하며, 부작용으로는 감각이상, 다한증, 구토, 오심, 메스꺼움, 어지럼증, 저혈압, 홍조, 고칼슘혈증, 두통, 식욕부진, 구강건조, 피로, 다음증, 우울증 등이 있다.
8. calcium gluconate

Calcium Gluconate Inj(2g/20ml)은 고, 저 칼륨혈증, 저 칼슘혈증, 칼슘길항제 중독에 의한 심정지 환자에게 투여한다. 2~4mg/kg 투여하며, 필요에 따라 10~30분 간격으로 반복 투여한다. bivon과 함께 투여하면 carbonate 침전이 형성되므로 다른 route로 사용해야 한다.
9. perlinganit

Perlinganit 0.1%(10mg/10ml)은 고혈압, 협심증, 급성 심근경색에 수반되는 울혈성 심부전 치료에 사용된다. 10-200mcg/min(6cc-120cc/hr), 400mcg/min까지 투여가능하며, 부작용으로는 저혈압, 서맥, 두 개내 압 상승이 있다.
10. sodium bicarbonate

Sodium Bicarbonate Injection 8.4%(20mEq/20cc)은 심폐 정지 시 무산소 대사작용과 저산소증으로 인해 나타나는 metabo-lic acidosis 치료에 사용된다. 초기 1mEq/kg를 iv 투여하며 10분마다 최초양의 반을 투여한다. 염화칼슘과 혼합 시 결정체가 생성되며, 호흡성 산증, 심근 수축력의 감소, 뇌세포의 호흡성 산중으로 뇌기능 장애를 초래할 수 있다.
11. dopamine

Dopamine HCl Injection 160mg(800mg/500ml)은 1-2㎍/kg/min 투여 시 dopaminerigic effect로 신장, 내장, 관상동맥 뇌혈관을 확장시키고, 2-5㎍/kg/min 투여 시 β-effect로 심박출량을 증가시키며, 5-10㎍/kg/min 투여 시 α&β-adrenergic effect(α<β)로 심박출량 증가와 혈관수축을 유발한다. 20㎍/kg/min 이상 투여 시 α-adrenergic effect로 강한 혈관 수축을 유발한다. 부작용으로는 빈맥, 빈맥성 부정맥, 오심, 구토, 고혈압 등이 있다.

Easy AI와 토픽 톺아보기

1. digoxin

Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside medication used to treat various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and heart failure. It works by increasing the force of the heart's contractions, which can improve the pumping ability of the heart. Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that the difference between an effective dose and a toxic dose is relatively small. As a result, careful monitoring of serum digoxin levels and close patient monitoring are essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Potential side effects of digoxin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and cardiac arrhythmias. Overall, digoxin is an important medication in the management of certain heart conditions, but its use requires close medical supervision and monitoring to ensure optimal outcomes for patients.
2. cordarone

Cordarone, also known as amiodarone, is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat various types of cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and atrial fibrillation. Amiodarone is considered a class III antiarrhythmic drug, which means it works by prolonging the refractory period of cardiac cells, making it more difficult for abnormal electrical signals to propagate. While amiodarone is generally effective in controlling cardiac arrhythmias, it is also associated with a wide range of potential side effects, including thyroid dysfunction, pulmonary toxicity, liver dysfunction, and photosensitivity. Careful monitoring of patients taking amiodarone is essential to identify and manage these adverse effects. Additionally, amiodarone can interact with a variety of other medications, requiring close coordination between healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Overall, amiodarone is a valuable tool in the management of cardiac arrhythmias, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits, as well as close clinical monitoring and management.
3. isoptin

Isoptin, also known as verapamil, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat various cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension, angina, and certain types of arrhythmias. Verapamil works by blocking the entry of calcium into the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, which can help to lower blood pressure, reduce the workload on the heart, and improve blood flow. Verapamil is generally well-tolerated, but it can cause side effects such as constipation, dizziness, and peripheral edema. Additionally, verapamil can interact with a variety of other medications, including certain antibiotics, antifungals, and antidepressants, so careful monitoring and coordination of care is essential when prescribing this medication. Overall, verapamil is an important tool in the management of cardiovascular conditions, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks, benefits, and potential interactions with other medications.
4. lidocain

Lidocaine is a local anesthetic medication that is commonly used to numb or block pain in various medical procedures, such as dental work, minor surgical procedures, and the treatment of certain types of cardiac arrhythmias. Lidocaine works by blocking the transmission of pain signals from the site of injury or procedure to the brain, providing effective pain relief. Lidocaine is generally well-tolerated, but it can cause side effects such as numbness, tingling, and in rare cases, more serious reactions like seizures or cardiac arrhythmias. Careful dosing and administration of lidocaine is essential to ensure safe and effective use, as the margin between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose can be narrow. Overall, lidocaine is a valuable tool in the management of pain and certain cardiac conditions, but its use requires close medical supervision and monitoring to ensure optimal outcomes for patients.
5. atropin

Atropine is a medication that is primarily used as an antidote for certain types of poisoning, as well as to treat certain types of bradycardia (slow heart rate) and to reduce secretions during medical procedures. Atropine works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is involved in the regulation of various bodily functions, including heart rate, salivation, and gastrointestinal motility. While atropine can be an effective treatment in certain situations, it is also associated with a range of potential side effects, including dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and in some cases, more serious reactions such as confusion, hallucinations, and cardiac arrhythmias. Careful dosing and monitoring of patients receiving atropine is essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Overall, atropine is an important tool in the management of certain medical emergencies and conditions, but its use requires close medical supervision and a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits.
6. epinephrine

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a medication that is primarily used to treat severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and certain types of cardiac arrest. Epinephrine works by stimulating the body's adrenergic receptors, which can help to constrict blood vessels, increase heart rate, and improve breathing. Epinephrine is a highly potent medication, and its use requires careful dosing and administration to avoid potential side effects, such as rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, and anxiety. In the context of anaphylaxis or cardiac arrest, the benefits of epinephrine typically outweigh the risks, as it can be a life-saving intervention. However, in other situations, the use of epinephrine may be more controversial, and its use should be carefully considered by healthcare providers. Overall, epinephrine is an essential medication in the management of certain medical emergencies, but its use requires close medical supervision and a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits.
7. calcium chloride

Calcium chloride is a medication that is primarily used to treat hypocalcemia (low levels of calcium in the blood) and certain types of cardiac arrhythmias. Calcium chloride works by increasing the concentration of calcium ions in the body, which can help to improve the function of the heart and other muscles. Calcium chloride is typically administered intravenously, as it can be irritating to the veins and can cause tissue damage if extravasated. Potential side effects of calcium chloride include nausea, vomiting, and in rare cases, more serious reactions such as cardiac arrhythmias or hypercalcemia (high levels of calcium in the blood). Careful monitoring of serum calcium levels and close medical supervision are essential when using calcium chloride to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Overall, calcium chloride is an important tool in the management of certain medical conditions, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits.
8. calcium gluconate

Calcium gluconate is a medication that is primarily used to treat hypocalcemia (low levels of calcium in the blood) and certain types of cardiac arrhythmias. Calcium gluconate works by increasing the concentration of calcium ions in the body, which can help to improve the function of the heart and other muscles. Calcium gluconate is typically administered intravenously, as it can be irritating to the veins and can cause tissue damage if extravasated. Potential side effects of calcium gluconate include nausea, vomiting, and in rare cases, more serious reactions such as cardiac arrhythmias or hypercalcemia (high levels of calcium in the blood). Careful monitoring of serum calcium levels and close medical supervision are essential when using calcium gluconate to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Overall, calcium gluconate is an important tool in the management of certain medical conditions, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits.
9. perlinganit

Perlinganit, also known as nitroglycerin, is a medication that is primarily used to treat angina (chest pain) and certain types of heart failure. Perlinganit works by dilating blood vessels, which can help to improve blood flow and reduce the workload on the heart. Perlinganit is typically administered sublingually (under the tongue) or as a transdermal patch, and it can provide rapid relief of angina symptoms. Potential side effects of perlinganit include headache, dizziness, and hypotension (low blood pressure). Careful dosing and monitoring of patients receiving perlinganit is essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Overall, perlinganit is an important tool in the management of certain cardiovascular conditions, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits, as well as close medical supervision.
10. sodium bicarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is a medication that is primarily used to treat metabolic acidosis (low blood pH) and certain types of poisoning. Sodium bicarbonate works by neutralizing excess acid in the body, which can help to restore normal pH levels and improve various physiological processes. Sodium bicarbonate is typically administered intravenously or orally, and it can be an effective treatment in certain medical emergencies. Potential side effects of sodium bicarbonate include nausea, vomiting, and in rare cases, more serious reactions such as electrolyte imbalances or fluid overload. Careful dosing and monitoring of patients receiving sodium bicarbonate is essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Overall, sodium bicarbonate is an important tool in the management of certain medical conditions, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits, as well as close medical supervision.
11. dopamine

Dopamine is a medication that is primarily used to treat low blood pressure (hypotension) and certain types of heart failure. Dopamine works by stimulating the body's dopamine receptors, which can help to increase heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. Dopamine is typically administered intravenously, and it can be a valuable tool in the management of critical care situations. Potential side effects of dopamine include arrhythmias, nausea, and vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels). Careful dosing and monitoring of patients receiving dopamine is essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication. Additionally, dopamine can interact with a variety of other medications, so close coordination between healthcare providers is important. Overall, dopamine is an important tool in the management of certain medical emergencies and conditions, but its use requires a thorough understanding of its risks and benefits, as well as close medical supervision.

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