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Richard III versus Richard III

Richard III versus Richard IIISo far, "Richard III" has been used in many areas, such as in fiction, movies, and plays. Laurence Olivier’s Richard III was famous for his critique of fascism, reminding audiences of Hitler (John Jowett 98). Richard III acted by Antony Sher in 1984 was a funnier character so that the play was lighter compared to other versions (John Jowett 105). Also, in many paintings, Richard III has been depicted as manifesting the dark side of human beings. Most of the related stories are based on Shakespeare’s Richard III, so that they are focused on his evil personality. However, each play or movie has a slightly different interpretation of Richard III, partially because Shakespeare’s Richard III is not a totally true story. In addition, from the twentieth century, thanks to the development of special effects equipment for plays and movies, many directors have been able to express their imagination beyond the original genre. Especially, Richard III in 1995, as direcncomfortable posture made his cruel fascinations more outstanding. If we had not read Shakespeare’s Richard III, it would have been difficult to catch that his malignant appearance may have resulted in his vicious behaviour, because it seemed that Ian McKellen loved his body. In the movie, he was shown getting a haircut since he wanted to be more attractive. On the contrary, the monstrous behaviour of Richard in Shakespeare originated from his deformities: “[I have] no delight to pass away the time, / Unless to see my shadow in the sun/ And descant on mine own deformity./ And therefore, since I cannot prove a lover/ To entertain these fair well-spoken days, I am determined to prove a villain/ And hate the idle pleasures of these days (1.1. 25-31). He found the only way to attract people was by living as a warrior and finally as a king. His most powerful tool for manipulating people was his language. His use of brilliant rhetoric in argument was effective as well as amazing. For instancce, it is still unclear that Richard III’s vicious traits as reflected in his deformities, as Shakespeare had it, accurately represented historical fact. The movie avoids the issue of whether Richard killed the princes directly, but concentrates on themes of ambition rather than inherent evil.Different genres have also had an influence on creating different personalities for the Shakespearean and filmic Richards. Shakespeare’s Richard III has often been adapted for the screen. The director of this filmed "Richard III" set it in a modern background, during the 1930s, very different from the original background in the fifteenth century, because the director wanted to help the audience feel familiar with the background. A film version is useful because many people think it is hard to understand Shakespeare’s works since they were written in early modern English and with an unfamiliar background, but characters in the movie speak modern English and wear costumes that make the audience feel the other. And if Kind Edward be as true and just/ As I am subtle, false, and treacherous, / This day should Clarence closely be mewed up/ About a prophecy which says that ‘G’/ Of Edward’s heirs the murderer shall be” (1.1. 32-40). Also, he always planned for his goals before other characters realized it, but of course we know his flow of thoughts through his soliloquies. Because the audience noticed his plan, but could not be involved in the play, they felt more restless when Richard dreamed up another plot to kill other characters. They were prevented from feeling an effect of catharsis by Richard’s depthless evil, so tension was maintained at a high level.Finally, Richard III as played by Ian McKellen, and the character in Shakespeare, established their differences of personality by showing different behaviors. Ian McKellen’s Richard was caricatured compared to Shakespeare’s. Ian McKellen sometimes showed comical facial expressions and behaviour during the scenes. After he recited t even when he chose to dive into the flames. In the last scene it seemed that he was the maker of his own fortune, and would not want to show his miserable self if he were about to be caught by Richmond. He knew very well that if he submitted, he would be disgraced as a member of his house. Thus, in the movie, his confidence and pride in himself as Richard III sustained his life. As mentioned, Richard in the movie loved his body and his existence. There were no people who really cared about him so that trusting himself only was an inevitable choice.The stories dealing with Richard III do not exhibit an objective point of view. Most of the narratives, including history, were based on the writers’ imaginations and interpretations. Shakespeare also wrote Richard III creatively. Sometimes we victimize someone for our goals in creating a lesson for the next generation because we need to make vicious characters to encourage good and punish evil. Richard III might be the victim of this lesso.

인문/어학| 2009.12.01| 7페이지| 3,000원| 조회(161)

리차드 3세, 비교 분석, 셰익스 피어, 영화 리차드3세

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Applied Jazz Improvisation (재즈의 즉흥성 적용)

Applied Jazz ImprovisationWhen people reflect on the qualities of jazz, their first impression is “freedom,” based on jazz’s improvisation of forms. What are “qualia?” They are our sense impressions of textures and sounds, for example. What qualia do we associate with jazz? For the jazz addicts, the qualia are extremely intense and rewarding. When jazz developed at first, it blended with African improvisation and instrumental European styles. Even though this format has been changing slightly for several decades, improvisation is always alive in the jazz musicians’ mind. Improvisation in jazz is regarded as a “gifted” talent because there are no schools for instruction in this, so jazz musicians had to learn it by self-education. According to Barrett, improvisation in jazz is similar to learning how to speak eloquently (606). He mentioned that just as we needed to know basic grammar and syntax to master speaking, it is essential to have assimilated musical rules in order to improvise (ated fresh impacts on the music (Barrett 611). The complex and intellectual drummer Max Roach treasured slip-ups during performance: "If two players make a mistake and end up in the wrong place at the wrong time, they may be able to break out of it and get into something else they might not have discovered otherwise" (Berliner 1994, 383). Therefore, jazz musicians interpret miscues as an inspired way of developing new patterns. However, jazz is cooperative, so to support each other’s play, all the members of the band must have a common mindset before they start playing. This synergy leads to specialization; for instance, Bix Beiderbecke’s band was famous for Chicago jazz, and Duke Ellington’s band for ‘jungle music’. Therefore, each band had developed particular characteristics that allowed it to exhibit a powerfully distinctive identity, growing out of the initial pooling of their jazz sensitivities, when they informally started to create local jazz communities (Barrett 616). Playing Canon mimicked jazz musicians’ new tryouts. Moreover, establishing a cooperative environment is crucial in the development of organizations consisting of many people so that each person’s values will not conflict with the organizational ones. Therefore, members of the organization should have more conversations to negotiate their interests. Just as a jazz band’s members set common goals to enhance each member’s play, organizations try to change standard forms that can be a barrier to free communication. Especially companies dealing with high-tech products have reformed their hierarchical structures that blocked communication and transformed themselves into teams as jazz bands did. Just as small bands find it easier to express their opinions and combine their ideas, industries needing fast communication should adopt an improvisatory structure and mindset (Barrett 617). Furthermore, just as jazz improvisers leave possibilities latent in their notes, organizational activities should have r in conversations with doctors. Therefore, Haidet suggested that when doctors ask some questions to their patients, it is better to begin with open-ended questions and engage in patient-centered interviewing (165). If doctors ask only yes or no questions or only inquire about physical conditions, patients will be less likely to report their symptoms, including psychological distress, and this will contribute to distorted outcomes. When physicians deploy the concept of space effectively as Miles Davis did, patients will not feel pressured and omit essential information about their symptoms. Physicians may also avoid errors in medication. In addition, physicians need to develop their own consulting voice. When a young musical improviser starts to play his or her instrument, the person really wants to have a distinctive voice just as a music master does. But it is hard to develop such a voice because musicians require not only musical knowledge and skills, but also their own feelings andummer Paul Motian demonstrated that Evans’ piano and Lafaro’s bass did not infiltrate each others’ space but instead supported the harmony since they listened carefully to each other’s playing (Haidet 167). Both players tried to make harmonious improvisational performances by suggesting cohesive but individual traits (Haidet 167). Doctors also make harmonized contexts with patients by asking related questions and responding to patients’ reactions (Haidet 167). This mutual conversation makes it possible to build trust between physicians and patients. By showing appropriate responses to the patients, doctors show them that they are listening, and thus patients are more likely to report their symptoms. As a result, converging questions and answers enhance the patient-physician relationship whereas diverging statements tend to distort patients’ and physicians’ intentions (Haidet 167). In contrast with previous patient-physician relationships led by the doctor’s formulaic inquiries, if phys8..

예체능| 2009.11.30| 9페이지| 2,500원| 조회(225)

재즈, JAZZ, music, 째즈 역사

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금연 캠페인

Smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths in Canada (----). According to Statistics Canada, 22% of Canadian youths identified themselves as smokers. Although overall smoking rates have been in continuous decline since the mid-90’s, the rate of decline for youth smoking (3.8%) is lower than for the general population (men:7.3%, women: 7.7%) (Gilmore, 2002). Furthermore, it has been found that smokers with the intention of cessation and adolescents are most receptive of anti-smoking campaigns (Gagne, 2008; Paek 2008; Wolburg, 2006). Therefore, our campaign resources may be better spent on changing attitudes towards smoking and prevention of initiation among impressionable youths.There have been many anti-smoking campaigns aimed at different populations with varying purposes. Each targeted a very specific age group with the purpose of effectively conveying the message (Gagne, 2008; Dietz, Delva, Woolley& Russello, 2007; Wolburg, 2006; Paek 2008). Many of the campaigns targeting a and judgemental language (Wolburg, 2006; Reardon & Miller, 2008; Miller et al., 2006): smokers perceived that their freedom to engage in this behaviour was being threatened. Regardless of age, these advertisements resulted in a boomerang effect which counteracted the intended purpose of the campaigns (Miller et al., 2006; Wolburg, 2006). However, advertisements that used this approach reinforced the non-smokers’ intentions to not smoke (Wolburg, 2006). The effectiveness of fear arousal varied by demographic, with older smokers being the most receptive of ads depicting negative health consequences of smoking in an emotionally stimulating manner (Biener et al., 2006). In contrast, among young adults, excessive use of fear resulted in mediating the fear and not taking action to avoid the potential danger itself (Wolburg, 2006). Such tactics may instead result in anger and denial, and dismissal of the message altogether (Wolburg, 2006), as suggested by Witte’s Extended Parallel Process Mohat a large proportion of smokers began their habit as adolescents (Moon-Howard, 2003; Smith et al, 2006; Amos & Bostok, 2007), and the difficulty of cessation (Christie-Smith 1999; Patterson et al. 2004; Schorling et al. 1994), it is imperative to deter youths from initiating in smoking behaviours. Thus, this project aims to prevent initiation by reinforcing non-smokers’ intentions, and to change smokers’ perceptions of their habit.In developing a new anti-smoking campaign, the motivation to initiate and maintain smoking behaviour must be realized. According to Miller, et al. (2006), experimentation was found to be the strongest predictor of future smoking behaviour. In addition, an adolescent’s inclination to resist authority in an effort to proclaim self-determination may play a key role in smoking initiation (Miller et al., 2006; Segan et al., 2006; Evans et al., 2005; Paek, 2008; Niederdeppe, Farrelly, Thomas et al., 2007). Pro-smoking beliefs and knowledge about smoking also haveation, making the non-smoking status of adolescents more visible may decrease the perceived prevalence, thus decreasing initiation. In other words, the campaign aims to visibly change the social norm such that tobacco use will be discouraged, thus reducing initiation. Similarly, the ramification of creating peer pressure to stay smoke-free and commit to cessation in an indirect manner is also expected. The effectiveness of material things as a reminder has been demonstrated by Plastini-Mertens (2006), who found that giving out bracelets for completing a survey after a presentation about harmful effects of tobacco to Grade 8th students allowed them to retain the information better. Comparing post-presentation survey results with those of the pre-presentation ones, the students scored higher post-presentation than pre-presentation. This result showed that the bracelets may play a role as a reminder to stay “Smoke free”. Furthermore, the efficacy of bracelets as a marketing tool was illustobacco contents on television in the past year (Biener et al., 2001). Thus, using television advertisement may have an enormous impact on delivering our message. Media-based anti-smoking campaigns have been demonstrated to be particularly effective on older adolescents (Paek, 2008). We will use two different ads because targeting is important, as mentioned previously. One ad will target non-smokers (Figure1), and will feature a positive role model showing refusal skills to increase self-efficacy, as well as introduce the bracelets and T-shirts. The other ad will target smokers, providing supportive role models (Figure 2). At the end of the ads, the address to the campaign website will appear to direct those who are interested. These advertisements will intentionally avoid the use of both directive language, which can cause reactance (Reardon et al., 2008; Miller et al., 2006; Wolburg, 2006), and fear arousal which is difficult to manipulate in order to produce the desired outcome (Wol

사회과학| 2008.06.06| 11페이지| 3,000원| 조회(314)

금연캠페인, Sympathetic, Demographic, anti-smoki..

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윤흥길의 장마와 goodbye lenin비교 ppt

Divided Germany VS Divided KoreaDivided Germany VS Divided KoreaGermanyKoreaBerlin WallEast GermanyWest GermanySouth KoreaNorth KoreaMental Barriers and the Korean Wardemocratic capitalisticsocialistic communisticDivided Germany VS Divided KoreaKorean warKorean LiteraturesDeal with original nature of human beingsProblem between the Same racesProblem about poverty from the warHumanismDivided Germany VS Divided KoreaThe Rainy Spell by Yun Hung GilAbout the Author: • born in 1942 in Chongup • served in the air force from 1961 to 1964 • began his apprenticeship as a writer • The Rainy Spell first published in 1978 • The Rainy Spell widely considered his masterpieceDivided Germany VS Divided KoreaThe Rainy Spellconflicts the opposing ideologies of North and South generate within a single family are resolved through folk shamanismDivided Germany VS Divided KoreaThe Rainy SpellGood Bye Leninhow people feel when Germany and Korea are dividedfamily is a main theme : love among family membersGB Lenin is about love between mother and son throughout the whole storyhatred between family members in the beginning of the storywith Dongman's point of view (observer) deals with the separated mind between the same raceswith Alex's point of viewThank you{nameOfApplication=Show}

인문/어학| 2008.06.06| 7페이지| 2,000원| 조회(275)

장마, 윤흥길, 분단문학, GOODBYE LENIN

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러시아명절ppt (러시아어+영어)

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인문/어학| 2008.06.06| 14페이지| 3,000원| 조회(772)

러시아, 크리스마스, 부활절, 러시아명절

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