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(영문) 핀란드의 문화, 역사, 환경, 비즈니스

FINLANDFINLANDWHY FINLAND?378 millions christian children in the world 31 hours to deliver 831.6 homes per second .001 second: park his sledge, get off the sledge, go down the chimney, fill out the socks, put gifts under the tree, eat what the family left him, climb his way out the chimney , get on the sledge and go PRODUCTIVITY and EFFICIENCYMAIN FACTSCapital: HELSINKI Languages: FINNISH and SWEDISH Estimated population: 5,319,401 people Government: REPUBLICMAIN FACTSPresident: TARJA HALONEN (since 2000) GDP (Gross Domestic Product): $46,602 (12th possition) Member of the European Union since 1995 Religion: Evangelical Lutheran of Finland (81.7%)HISTORYProvince Grand Duchy under Sweden from 12th to 19th centuries Grand Duchy under Russia until 1809 Independent country since 1917INTERESTING FACTSFinnish name: SUOMI Over 188,000 lakes Rights of the minority groups (indigenous Finn people) are protected by the Constitution According to UNICEF Finland ranks 4th in the world in child well-beingINTERESTING FACTSSuicide mortality among men under 35 is one of the highest in Europe Known for being one of the less corrupted countries in the world 100% literacyFINLANDNORTH POLEAURORA BOREALISWORLD HERITAGE SITESOld City of RaumaPetajavesi Old ChurchFortress of SoumenlinnaBUSINESS INTERESTING FACTSNatural resources: timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromate, nickel, gold, silver, limestone Key economic sector is manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, and electronics industries Agriculture-products: barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes, dairy cattle, fish Industries: metals and metal products, electronics, machinery and scientific instruments, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothingFINNISH COMPANIESAir Finland Tapiola Bank Benefon Birka Line Carrols Finnair Lemminkainen Group HesburgerKesko Metsa-Botnia Nokia OMX Raisio Group Stockman Stora Enso SulakeHOW TO DO BUSINESSFinnish communication values include: silence, listening, modesty and fact-based tangible elementsDO´SBe very punctual (give your partner a call if you are running late) Shake hands with women first Address people by their title and then by their last name (Doctor Williams) Men should remove hats when entering a building or talking to someoneDO´SArrange meetings in advance, in writting Always accept sauna invitation (great way to connect with business partners and to experience Finnish culture)DO´SBring business cards to any meeting Do little small talk Go straight down to business Emphasize on equality, flat structuresDO´SAdhere to planed schedules Maintein formality Maintein eye contact Value timeDO´SWear dark coloured, conservative business suitsDON´TSMeet during July (must Finnish are on vacation) Meet before or after working hours: between 09:00 and 16:00 hr Loud talking in public or energetic behaviour Fold arms, is viewed as arrogantDON´TSTry to fill in the long periods of silence Show emotions Be to informal Expect favouritism, Finnish take company policy very seriouslyDON´TSSmile at new colleagues, it is seemed as insincerity Never interrupt people while speaking Compare Finns to Swedes Complain or criticiseDON´TSMake fun or other people or countries but yours Expect feedback Give gifts until subsequente visitSOURCEShttp://www.topografia.upm.es/divulgacion/imagenes/cartografia/grandes/europe_pol_2004.jpg http://europa.eu/abc/maps/images/members/finland.gif http://unimaps.com/flags-europe/finland-flag.gif https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fi.html http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Empresas_de_Finlandia http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/etiquette/doing-business-finland.html http://www.clipartof.com/images/clipart/xsmall2/6084_santa_claus39_face.jpg http://images.google.com.mx/imgres?imgurl=http://istrokke.files.wordpress.com/2006/12/cartoon-santa-claus-christmas-logo.gif imgrefurl=http://istrokke.wordpress.com/2006/12/23/%25C2%25BFexiste-santa-claus/ h=240 w=267 sz=31 hl=es start=13 um=1 usg=__iEWAm2yviXAYZpLPolayDuAPC2A= tbnid=13UibsJhKsAcuM: tbnh=102 tbnw=113 prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsanta%2Bclaus%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des http://www.hyparion.com/web/informacio/turistica/paisos/finlandia1.bmp http://www.finland.com.au/pdfs/Communicating_with-F3_01.pdf http://www.communicaid.com/access/pdf/library/culture/doing-business-in/Doing%20Business%20in%20Finland.pdf http://www.cyborlink.com/besite/international_gift_giving.htm http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/finland-country-profile.htmlQUIZ – True or FalseYou would shake hands to women first. Second Cup is a Finnish brand. Helsinki is Finland´s capital. The best time of the year to meet your business partner is during July. Sauna is a great place to go while making business in Finlad.{nameOfApplication=Show}

인문/어학| 2008.10.13| 26페이지| 3,000원| 조회(279)

비즈니스, 환경, 문화, 핀란드, 영문

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(영문)이탈리아 경제 환경 산업 비즈니스 문화

ITALYITALIAN REPUBLICOfficially name: The Italian Republic. Capital city: Rome and largest city. Official Languages: Italian (German French in some regions). Population - 1 January 2008 estimate 59,619,290 people. Currency – Euro Territory301,338 Km2Location of ItalyIt´s located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern EuropeHistory of ItalyRoman cultures merged into one civilization influential that parts of it survive in modern law, administration, philosophy and arts. The empire finally broke into two parts in 285 AD, a western and an eastern. the eastern part as the sole heir to Roman legacy.The Italian Republic (1946-)Italy became a Republic on 2 June 1946. This was the first election in Italy allowing women to vote. The Republican Constitution was approved and came into force on 1 January 1948.Geography of ItalyItaly occupies a long, boot-shaped peninsula. The Apennine Mountains form the peninsula's backbone. The Alps form its northern boundary. The largest of its northern lakes is Golitics of Italy take place in a framework of a parliamentary, democratic republic, and of a multi-party system.Government and PoliticsPresident of the Republic Giorgio Napolitano. Executive power is exercised collectively by the Council of Ministers, which is lead by a President. The President of the Italian Republic (Presidente della Repubblica) is elected for seven years by the parliamen. All Italian citizens older than 18 can vote.Foreign relations of ItalyItaly is a member European Union. Italy is a member and strong supporter of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Italy is a member the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).MilitaryItaly The total number of military personnel is approximately 308,000. has the eighth-highest military expenditure in the world. Italy shares nuclear weapons with NATO in the form of US nuclear weapons leased to Italy. The Italian armed forces are divided into three branches: Army. Navy AirForceArmyIt has recently becopean Union. the 23rd largest population in the world.Italian metropolitan areasMigration and ethnicityTransport in ItalyThe railway network in Italy totals 16,627 kilometres. There are approximately 133 airports in Italy, including the two hubs of Malpensa International (near Milan) and Leonardo Da Vinci International (near Rome). There are 27 major ports in Italy, the largest is in Genoa, which is also the second largest in the Mediterranean SeaEconomy of ItalyThe country belongs to the Group of eight (G8) industrialized nations Italy's economic strength is in the processing and the manufacturing of goods. Currently the Machines Italia program operates in various foreign markets as the United States, Canada and Mexico.StatisticsGDP (PPP)$1.8tn (2007 est.) (7th). Main industries: tourism, commerce, communications, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, automobiles, home appliances, clothing, footwear, ceramics.Exports and ImportsExport goods: engineering produgium 4.3%, Spain 4.2%.Italy ExportsIndustry Mineral resources and energyItaly produces primarily grains, rice, maize corn, sugar beets. Italy has few natural resources. Italy is known also for its fashion houses. The only Italian automaker is FIAT, specialized in utilitaries and luxury vehiclesBusiness in Italykey concepts and valuesIndividualism – Italian culture has been described as highly individualistic, signifying a society that emphasises individual responsibility and close family ties. Bella Figura – The term Bella Figura is often used to describe the ability to present oneself. Affective Communication - An important aspect of Italian culture is the openly expressed thoughts and feelings common to most Italians.Working practices in ItalyPunctuality in the Italian business environment, as a rule, is taken very seriously. Generally speaking, the best times to make business appointments are in the morning between 10 a.m. and 11 a.m., or after 3p.m.Structure and hierarchy in Italiabusiness meetings in Italy it is common to express open disagreement and constructive conflict. When greeting your Italian business colleagues use last names and, if known, appropriate, professional titles until invited to do otherwise. The exchanging of business cards should take place only at the beginning of the first business meeting.(Do's and Don'ts)DO maintain eye contact while talking. This is a sign to your Italian business colleagues that you are sincere and honest. DO shake hands with everyone when being introduced during a business or social meeting. Men should wait for women to extend their hand first. DO ensure that you knock before entering an office in Italy and always close the door behind you. DON'T appear impatient or rush your Italian colleagues in their business negotiations. Italians may see this as a sign of weakness. DON'T give a business gift until you receive one first. DON'T be surprised if during business meetings your Italian colleagues speak simultaneously }

인문/어학| 2008.10.13| 36페이지| 3,000원| 조회(207)

비즈니스, 경제, 문화, 산업, 이탈리아

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(영문) 영국의 비즈니스, 문화, 스포츠, 경제, 산업 평가A좋아요

ENGLANDENGLANDAbout EnglandWhere is UK??++The Union JackCountry name United Kingdom (UK)Location Western Europe ( 54 00 N, 2 00 W )Area total: 244,820 sq km land: 241,590 sq km water: 3,230 sq kmCapital LondonPopulation 60,943,912 (July 2008)Nationality Briton (British)Languages English, Welsh, Scottish form of GaelicReligion ChristianClimate Oceanic climate The climate of England is mild warm summers and cool wintersCurrency pound (£), Pence (P) ￡1=100pNatural resources gas, gold, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, potash, silica, slate, arable landFeatures of CultureConservative, but ProgressiveHarmony with tradition and modernismaristocracyFood culture of UKSimple and Natural way of cookingAbundant breakfastGreat tea cultureMany kinds of food used potatoRepresentable foodRoast BeefDover SoleSmokedSalmonFish ChipsGovernment of UKThe Monarchyㆍ The monarchy is the oldest institution of governmentㆍ The Queen acts as an impartial Head of State.ㆍ The Prime Minister is the UK's Head of ut new shoes on the table.Bad Lucknational costumeCricketSports in EnglandㆍCricket is played on village greens ㆍ11 players each ㆍPlay with a ball slightly smaller than a baseballSports in EnglandFootball (Soccer)ㆍThe most popular sport in England ㆍThere are 92 professional clubs.Rugbyㆍ Played with an oval ball ㆍ The best rugby teams compete in the Super LeagueSports in EnglandTennisㆍMost famous tennis tournament is Wimbledon. ㆍEat strawberries and cream while they watch the tennis.Economy IndustriesEconomy of Englandㆍ A member of the G7 ㆍ 4th largest economy in the world ㆍ 2nd largest economy in Europe ㆍ The United Kingdom's external economic relations are now dominated by the European Union.Economy of Englandㆍ London is the major financial centre of the world ㆍ Most UK banks had their head offices on Lombard Street2.32.41.9CPI rate4.54.64.9Export rate5.33.54Investment rate2.92.71.8GDP growth rate200720062005Economy of England$ 35,100GDP per person5.4%Unemployment rate2.3%Inflation ratood needs with less than 2% of the labor forceIndustries of EnglandEnergyServices· The UK has coal, natural gas, and oil reserves. · Primary energy production accounts for 10% of GDP· Banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of GDPHigh brand loyalty Active interchange with world market Free trade area for foreigner Foreigner investment incentive policyFeature of England marketBusiness in EnglandFeature of BritishBritish has good manner British want to avoid argument British is individual and traditional British doesn't want to show emotionBusiness practice in England5-day work week, Generally 9 AM – 5 PM Women in Britain are entitled to equal respect and status as men They want long-term and durable relations in business Four political areas within the Kingdom have different commercial policies and business practicesThe best times - 11 AM to 4 PM At least before 2weeks. You'd better give advanced notice to them about purpose of your visit If t breast pocketsIt is better to research about company in advance when you visit there You should call them with honorific title Be prepare to make small talkBusiness EtiquetteDo say “Please”, “Thank you”, “Excuse me”, “Sorry” Do take your hat off when you go indoors (men only) Do open doors for other people Do Smile Do Shake Hands Do Pay as you Go Do cover your MouthDo in BusinessDo not greet people with a kiss Do not ask a lady her age Do not spit. Do not pass wind in public Do not ask personal or intimate questions Avoid doing gestures such as backslapping and hugging Do not make a “V” signDon'ts in BusinessYou should arrive exact time Express appreciation to invite you Shake hands with everyone to whom you are introduced, both men and women.Be invited to British houseVisiting people in their housesPrepare a gift for the host and hostess If you are unable to attend, You should tell themBe invited to British houseVisiting people in their housesEating etiquette in EnglandThe British gneighbors plate Don't reach over someone's plate for somethingThings you should not doNever chew with your mouth open Never talk with food in your mouth It is impolite to slurp your food or eat noisily Never blow your nose on a napkin It is impolite to have your elbows on the table while you are eatingEating etiquette in EnglandThings you should not doEating etiquette in EnglandIt is a good manner that say “I enjoyed the dinner. Thank you.” Write at least a post card to thank the hostRemember! 5 important point!Make a distinction among 4 areasMake an appointment before you visitWear formal dark color suitGive trust to them for long-term relationTry to understand their features and cultureswww.kotra.or.kr http://mission.hosanna.net/england/eng1.htm www.uk.or.kr http://projectbritain.com http://www.businesslink.gov.uk http://www/ukstudentlife.com http://www.executiveplanet.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world- fw}

인문/어학| 2008.10.13| 46페이지| 3,500원| 조회(323)

비즈니스, 경제, 환경, 영국, 문화

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