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  • Efficiency of International Monetary Fund to Recover Economic Crisis (경제위기 회복의 IMF 효율성)
    Efficiency of International Monetary Fund to Recover Economic CrisisInternational RelationsEfficiency of International Monetary Fund to Recover Economic CrisisIntroductionMost of the economies in the world ended up in the bottom of a global recession that led to a massive business contraction. This led to a rise in unemployment and shrinking in government revenues. In recent statistics, large industrialized economies have begun to recover from the global recessions (Copelovitch, 2010.p.304). Many industrialized countries and emerging and developing nations have adopted economic stimulus schemes to rescue their economies from the economic crisis. Many countries have resulted to borrowing from the International Monetary Fund to add to their investments packages. This crisis exposed the fundamental weaknesses in the global markets demonstrating how current economies are greatly interdependent resulting to complex policy dilemmas (Khang, 2010). Countries have adopted a four phase plan thatlity that the global economy needs a stronger financial IGO. In order to manage the global economy efficiently there is need for a strong IGO. With the increasing number of member states participating in the global economy with their diversity, IMF role remains to be critical and controversial (Ping, n.d p.8).The Role of IMF in the Global EconomyThe IMF has been under criticism in recent years in the industrialized countries and even the developing countries. Its policies are perceived to be misguided and ineffective where by the fund’s largest shareholder have been blamed for politicizing the IMF lending and the staff for wrongly diagnosing the causes of the global economic recession (Zhu 2011). This criticism however are doubtful especially when looking into the archived documents on the number of recommendations and praise for its worldwide supporters for the efforts it has made in supporting borrowing countries and implementing working economic policy reforms. When the era of high tonous foreign borrowing and impulse regional investments. Instead of banking the massive foreign capital that the country earned during the 1980s and early 1990s, Malaysian investors poured the money into real estate and equity shares. This resulted to an asset price bubble and raised inflation rates. Malaysia economy together with other Asian economies collapsed due to the massive capital disinvestments that progressed to a forced currency devaluation and eventually a financial crisis (Andrews, 2006, p.158).Korea sought for help from the IMF and was able to win a three year stand by arrangement in 1997. Malaysia on the other hand Malaysia rejected the offer aggressively arguing that it had effects to the Western capitalization on the East Asia. The Asian currency crisis was identified as a neocolonial conspiracy by the West to oppress the Asian people. The Asian financial crisis exposed the fragile nature of the global economy. IMF approved Korea’s request and under the Emergency Fin EconomyFor a long time the IMF has been taken for granted and it was even fashionable to argue that IMF was irrelevant as a lender. Better financial and economic conditions were expected even without the presence of the IMF. Many countries had secures guarantees to access the international financial markets and had self insured themselves against any financial crisis by massively investing in foreign exchange reserves and stocks (Truman, 2009). It is ironical that just in less than a year ago, this turned round and the question in place remains to be where the IMF has been. Accusations now are as to why the IMF is not discharging its duty to protect the international market. This brings out the reality that the global market must work closely with the IMF at the centre to attain a more secure international financial system. How the IMF handles the global financial crisis has a direct impact on its future and the support it will be given by the U.S and other supporting members. The inced many countries recover from financial economic crises. This has been for many years the organizations many economies turn to in terms of turmoil. Through the use of selective economic aids besides the many roles it plays in the global economy. Being funded by a quota system where each member country has been assigned an amount to contribute basing on its economic status, it also gets funds from other sources where it acts as trustee. Korea is one of the countries that greatly benefited from the IMF aid. Despite the strict policy recommendation by the IMF, Korea was able to go through the process and has greatly benefited from the scheme. On the other hand, through the use of other means apart from the IMF, Malaysia was able to find a way to recover from the Asian currency turmoil. As much as it did not depend on the IMF due to its previous experience with the organization in Japan that affected its economy. The IMF still remains to be of help to many industrialized and developing coT 6
    경영/경제| 2013.04.24| 6페이지| 3,500원| 조회(108)
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  • 대학원 영어학업계획서입니다. 국제대학원을 목표로 쓴 학업계획서이며, 실제로 서울대 연대 고대 대학원합격 학업계획서입니다.
    The world economic growth is greatly affected by international relations due to the continuation of global market integration catalyzed by the foundation of World Trade Organization. For optimization of global economic growth, international mutual understanding and cooperation in financial, social and cultural aspects are inevitable. Therefore, it is essential for a business student to learn in depth on the international economic relationships. To become an insightful viewer of the global market integration, I chose to attend 000 which is located in the United States, the cornerstone of world economic movement.Recent economic crisis that arose from United States negatively influencing the entire world financial market is a good example of international economic integration in today’s global market. Crashing of major financial corporations in Wall Street resulted in serious downturn of the Korean economy as a whole affecting both the stock market and the exchange rate. As an internation I had to go through difficult financial situations caused by fluctuating exchange rates. Based on this experience, I became interested in the international exchange rate which represents the comparative value of a nation’s currency to another and furthermore, decided to major in finance to learn more in depth on international finance.In the course of study at 000, I have learned corporate finance, security analysis and portfolio management, financial markets and institutions, and multinational financial management. Although, all of the materials covered in different courses were useful and interesting, I was especially attracted to the multinational financial management course and the professor who passionately and effectively taught various topics on international finance. The topics mainly consisted of international exchange rate and its risks involving fluctuating rate, and financial instruments including derivative securities such as swap, call option, put option, and forward cont to reduce the exchange rate risk. After studying wide range of financial instruments that are used to reduce the exchange rate risk, I realized that none of them are capable of completely eliminating or stabilizing the exchange rate risk. After pondering over it, I concluded that the creation of a new systematic method to effectively stabilize the exchange rate is necessary. Better stabilization against the exchange rate risk will reduce the heavy losses that many of the East Asian countries have to face in current international markets. After further studies, it seemed apparent that the overall economy of nations such as Korea, Thailand, Singapore and China are overly dependent on the changes in exchange rate resulting in unexpected damages to their financial markets. In response, I studied number of interesting research works on this topic from Graduate School of International Studies at Seoul National University. One of the research works by Dr. Rhee Yeongseop caught my attention w closely tied with the concerns that I had in mind.Research work titled “Financial Integration and Exchange Rate Coordination in East Asia” by Dr. Rhee examined the necessity for exchange rate stability in developing countries of East Asia and further provided well-reasoned solution. He stresses the need for an exchange rate and monetary coordination. He states that it is imperative to adopt a well- developed coordination in response to the rapid economic growth and continuous financial integration among the East Asian countries. Unexpected losses caused by exchange rate risk may be significantly reduced by having an exchange rate and monetary coordination such as the Euro. Since these countries are not capable of controlling their exchange rate against the US dollar mainly because of the exchange market intervention operation, active policy dialog is essential to achieve greater economic convergence. I strongly concur with his opinion and would like to study in depth with Dr. Rhee on ange rate. Furthermore, I would like to utilize my financial background by applying the concepts that I have learned to the Korean markets; therefore, I have decided to attend GSIS for further education.I have attained notable skills in both English and Chinese through hard work in college. I have concentrated on learning international finance while focusing on gaining diversified experience through encountering students from all around the world. I am confident that my knowledge on international finance and global experience will aid me through various challenging courses such as International Financial World, Understanding of the East Asia at GSIS. I plan to get actively involved in the research works with renowned professors at GSIS if the opportunity is given. My next career goal is to get a PhD in International Finance which then I would utilize to become a professor in Korea. Furthermore, I plan to conduct continuous research works on international finance and positively contribu
    학교| 2012.12.13| 3페이지| 3,000원| 조회(2,687)
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