Summary and analysis is very different. A summary is a restatement briefly described about what happened in the book. Briefly, it is very shortened and simplified writing that compresses a main topic of the text. It also is not contained my evaluation and opinion. On the other hand, an analysis is a text broken down into smaller components. It is complexed than a summary, analysis essay contains analyzing the text by a break, for example like a question why the author has said like that, which message he wants to send to author.
Pre Lab : Organic Laboratory 1. DistillationIntroductionThis experiment is for understanding the process of distillation and, also to collect tractions from the distillation and then we will evaluate the purity of the distillation fractions by measuring the physical properties of the fractions. Finally, we will analyze the fractions and conclude about the utility of this method.In this laboratory, we will perform the two process, which is making beer and processing the distillation for concentrating alcohol solutions. First, beer is made of the grains contained starch (carbohydrates), in the process of making beer, the grain is soaked and heated. Through this process, starch is broken into a small unit of sugar called a malt extract. In other words, the malt extract is as sugar syrup combined with water. In addition, this solution has a greater density than the water. This solution is heated again to give a hot sugar solution called wort. Then, at this point, as adding the yeast, which is feed on sugar, it is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethanol in a closed vessel. As time passes, the yeast will produce more CO2 and Ethanol until sugar is consumed ( 4~5 days). This solution still has a greater density than the water because it has still another stuff, but the density would decrease than the initial wort. Then, for making beer, we have to add more CO2 by a compressed gas tank.(C6H12O6)n C6H12O62CH3CH2OH + 2CO2(Starch) heat(Glucose)=malt extract yeast (Ethanol)The more ethanol present, the more intoxicating the beverage. However, there is a limitation on how ethanol is strong inside of beer. Therefore, to obtain strong ethanol, beer is heated and converted into a gas, and this steam is collected. This process is called distillation and the liquid obtained is distilled spirits ProcedureProcedure.Preparation of Still Beer1. Put 200 grams of malt extract with distilled water into a 2000 ml Erlenmeyer flask.2. Heat this flask for 3-5min and then remove it from the heating source.3. Cool it to near room temperature and remove a 200ml sample for measuring the density.4. Install the air-lock to the flask and add the 2 packages of ale yeast5. Leave it alone for at least 4 days.• When the density of the sample shows no decrease, fermentation was complete.Purification of Still Beer.Add the 5.0ml of beer into a 25ml round bottom flask equipped with Hickman still head or distillation head and a magnetic stirrer.Hickman still headHeat the sample in a sand bath and distill with three 250µl fractions collected in Eppendorf or microcentrifuge.Measure the density of each of the fractions and temperature at which the fraction was collected.Density measurement :Larger sample(100ml) – measure using a hydrometer (transfer the sample to a tube or graduated cylinder and add the hydrometer to the sample)Smaller sample – a) measured the mass and volume independently.b) Transfer the volume sample (100 µl) into an Eppendorf tube using a syringe, automatic or manual pipette.c) Measure the mass using an analytical or 0.001 gram top loading balance.d) Density = mass/volume g/mlDetermine the boiling point of the wort (unfermented), first fraction and a sample of pure ethanol.Distillation - The combination of two phase changes : boiling and condensationReflux - A common method involving the condensation of vapors and the return of this condensation to the liquid.This set up is for larger amount of materialsThis set up is for a microscale procedure.
분석과 요약 차이점, summary vs analysis
