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IB Extended Essay Biology Impact of postharvest treatment on apple

본 문서는 2021년도 May Session에 제출한 Extended Essay로, 최종 34점 만점에 26점을 받았습니다. 선택 과목은 Biology이고 주제는 How do calcium chloride dip treatments of apples in different concentrations of calcium chloride influence nutritional value and quality of post-harvest Malus domestica (apple)?입니다 식품 가공 관련 주제로 EE를 쓰고 싶으신 분에게 도움이 될 것 같습니다
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최초등록일 2023.04.12 최종저작일 2021.05
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IB Extended Essay Biology Impact of postharvest treatment on apple
  • 미리보기

    소개

    본 문서는 2021년도 May Session에 제출한 Extended Essay로, 최종 34점 만점에 26점을 받았습니다.
    선택 과목은 Biology이고 주제는 How do calcium chloride dip treatments of apples in different concentrations of calcium chloride influence nutritional value and quality of post-harvest Malus domestica (apple)?입니다
    식품 가공 관련 주제로 EE를 쓰고 싶으신 분에게 도움이 될 것 같습니다

    목차

    1. Chapter 1: Introduction
    1) Research Question
    2) Introduction
    3) Literature review/background information
    4) Hypothesis

    2. Chapter 2: Methodology
    1) Variables
    2) Materials
    3) Procedure: Manipulation and control of variable
    4) Procedure: Choice of data processing and presentation

    3. Chapter 3: Results

    4. Chapter 4: Discussion and Conclusion
    1) Discussion and Evaluation
    2) Conclusion

    5. Reference

    본문내용

    Research Question
    How do calcium chloride dip treatments of apples in different concentrations of calcium chloride influence nutritional value and quality of post-harvest Malus domestica (apple)?

    Introduction
    Fruits and vegetables are essential for health as they are main sources of vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers.Consuming fruits and vegetables every day can help reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and certain type of cancer (World Health Organization, 2014). Because fruits and vegetables have high nutritional value and help reducing diseases, increasing fruit and vegetable consumption becomes a global priority. And as many people become more aware of health benefits of fruits and vegetables, a demand for fresh fruits and vegetables is growing.

    However, unlike the growing demand, the global supply of fruits and vegetables is insufficient compare to the needs of the population (Melva R, 2014).

    참고자료

    · Agoda S, Pessu P, Atanda S, Isong I, Ikotun I. (2011). The concepts and problems of post–harvest food losses in perishable crops. African Journal of Food Science,5(11), 603-613. Retrieved from: http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380023070_Atanda%20et%20al.pdf
    · Ashour N. (2000). Effect of environmental factors, calcium and potassium fertilization on yield and quality of apple. Ph.D. Thesis, Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt. 

    · Assennato D, Lucia M. (1994). Agricultural engineering in development. Retrieved from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0522e/T0522E04.htm
    · Biocyclopedia. (n.d.). Role in Cell Walls. Retrieved from: http://www.eplantscience.com/index/plant_nutrition/essential_elements_macronutrients/calcium/role_in_cell_walls.php
    · Caprile, J. (August 17th 2012). Maximizing Calcium Uptake In Apples. Retrieved from http://sfp.ucdavis.edu/crops/Calcium/
    · Carl E, William S, Raymond G, Kelman, A. (April 1992). Calcium Treatment of Apples and Potatoes to Reduce Postharvest Decay. Plant Disease, 76(4), 329-334. Retrieved from: http://www.apsnet.org/publications/PlantDisease/BackIssues/Documents/1992Articles/PlantDisease76n04_329.pdf
    · Conway W, Gross K, Sams C, (1987). Relationship of bound calcium and inoculum concentration to the efect of postharvet calcium treatment on decay of apples by Penicillium expansum. Plant Dis. 71:78-80
    · Conway W, Hickey K, Sams C. (n.d.). Pre- and Postharvest Calcium Treatment of Apple Fruit and its Effect on Quality. Proc. IS on Foliar Nutrition, 413-419.
    · Daniel F, Tomoyuki K, Tsuyoshi K, Miguel P. (August 2010). Enzymatic Browning, Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, and Polyphenols in Four Apple Cultivars: Dynamics During Fruit Development.HortScience Vol. 45(8), 1150-1154. Retrieved from: http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/content/45/8/1150.full
    · Elham S, Vali R, Yavar S. (October 12th 2011). Effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) on postharvest quality of apple fruits. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6(22), pp. 5139-5143. Retrieved from: http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380964919_Shirzadeh%20et%20al.pdf
    · Faust M, Shear C. (1972). The Effect of calcium on respiration of apples. J Ame Soc Hort Sci. 97:437–439.
    · Howard T. (n.d.). Plant Senescence. Biological Science Fundamentals And Systematic. Retrieved from: http://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C03/E5-24-26.pdf
    · Kader A. (2002). Pre- and postharvest factors affecting fresh produce quality, nutritional value, and implications for human health. Proceedings of the International Congress Food Production and the Quality of Life, 1, 109-119. Retrieved from: http://ucanr.edu/datastoreFiles/234-553.pdf
    · Karim M, Neven M. (2012). Effect of Pre- and Post-Harvest Calcium and Magnesium Compounds and Their Combination Treatments on "Anna" Apple Fruit Quality and Shelf Life.Journal of Horticultural Science & Ornamental Plants 4 (2): 155-168. Retrieved from: https://www.idosi.org/jhsop/4(2)12/5.pdf
    · Kimberly A. (2017 May 22nd). Why Are Food Prices Rising? Causes of Food Price Inflation. Retrieved from: https://www.thebalance.com/why-are-food-prices-rising-causes-of-food-price-inflation-3306099
    · Mahajan P, Caleb O, Singh Z, Watkins C, Geyer M. (2010 June 13th). Postharvest treatments of fresh produce. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4006172/
    · Martin-Diana A, Rico D, Frias J, Barat J, Herehan G, Barry C. (2012). Calcium for extending the shelf life of fresh whole and minimally processed fruits and vegetables: a review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 18 210-218. Retrieved from: http://ucanr.edu/datastoreFiles/608-575.pdf
    · Melva R. (August 14th 2014). Study shows global need to produce more fruits and vegetables. Retrieved from: http://news.emory.edu/stories/2014/08/study_shows_more_fruits_vegetables_needed/index.html
    · Mishra, S. (July 19th, 2001). Calcium Treatment on Fruits and Vegetables. Texas: Tetra Technologies
    · Poovaiah B, Leopold A. (1973). Inhibition of abscission by calcium. Plant Physiol.51: 848–851
    · Poovaiah B, Leopold A. (1973). Deferral of leaf senescence with calcium. Plant Physiol.52: 236–239
    · Poovaiah B, Leopold A. (1976). Effects of inorganic salts on tissue permeability. Plant Physiol.58: 182–185.
    · PubChem. (2004). CALCIUM CHLORIDE. Retrieved from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5284359#section=Top
    · PubChem. (2004). EDTA. Retrieved from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6049#section=Top
    · Robertta L. (December 7th, 2015). Reducing Postharvest Losses and Malnutrition. Retrieved from: http://www.globalharvestinitiative.org/index.php/2015/12/reducing-postharvest-losses-and-malnutrition/
    · Saftner R, Abbott B, and Lee J. (2003). Sanitary dips with calcium propionate, chloride, or a calcium amino acid chelate maintain quality and shelf stability of fresh-cut honeydew chunks. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 29: 257-269. 

    · Tim, S. (September 24th, 2014). Apples: Health Benefits, Risks & Nutrition Facts. Retrieved from: http://www.livescience.com/44686-apple-nutrition-facts.html
    · World Health Organization. (September 2014). Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases. Retrieved from: http://www.who.int/elena/titles/bbc/fruit_vegetables_ncds/en/
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