ENCODED EVIDENCE

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The world comes to us that such a little thing could become the most powerful single tool for fight against crime and civil cases. After DNA finger printing developed, forensic DNA analysis is one of ways to decide whether suspects are guilty or not. Furthermore, we can identify victims of crimes, accidents and disasters through that technique.
Forensic science goals to help judges and juries figure out legal issues, not only in criminal law but also in civil cases. The field is gross of intelligence to include various areas of studies such as biology, chemistry, mathematics, botany and so on. But, among them, one particular biological tool has been appeared and developed for forensic science. That is the analysis of DNA. It is considerable because all living things have their own DNA profiles to be a source for tracking crime cases.

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DNA sample of non-human species is also important tool in forensic genetics. For example, there can be animal material around crime scene or in the illegal trade of endangered species. DNA sample can be gotten on the fur of cat and dog, most widely raised as a pet in home. If the pet lived with criminal, we can track down him or her by analysing of DNA sample of the pet. In the endangered species field, gene that encodes cytochrome b of mtDNA is widely used.
Plant material can be associated with crime scene, but the analysis of plant is more difficult than that of animals, because STRs in most species is poorly specific and selective. RAPD, random amplified polymorphisms DNA is the method using polymorphic markers from DNA amplified by PCR method. It is useful to identify source of cannabis samples.

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