형질전환동물

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형질전환동물의 제작 및 형질전환동물들에 대한 정리자료

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Problems with interpretation of knock-out experimets
1 ) Knockout kills early embryo. How to estimate effect of adult?
2) No phenotype. Redundancy or just subtle change?
3) Variable phenotype
4) Combinatorial action of genes ? the pinball model.
.
Knock-outs by themselves are not enough to tell you what your gene does to every orgen

Some answers:
Many knock-out embryos die because of placental insufficiency
(failure of vascular interface)
Grow them on transplanted normal placentas !!!
Study ENU-mutated animals as additional approach
Create conditional knock-outs !!!
Will be discussed after Knock-ins
(as you have to produce knock-in first
in order to make conditional knock-out)

Random mutagenesis to study animal genes and functions
From Dr. J. Martin Collinson
Dominant mutations
will show up in 1st generation
of progeny.
Recessive mutations
need to breed
F1 progeny
with wildtype mice,

then intercross
the F2s or
backcross F2s
with their father.

GOOD and BAD sides of in vivo mutagenesis
Mutagenesis screens are ‘phenotype-driven’.
2. No a priori assumptions about
what genes are involved in the organ system you want to study.
.
3. Lots of mice.
4. May miss mutations.
Can reveal interesting mutations in known genes
that would not have been tried otherwise !!!

To produce transgenic animal we have to introduce full-size gene construct

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