폴 발레리(Paul Valéry)의 ‘유럽정신’과 유럽통합의 배타성 (“European Mind” of Paul Valéry and Exclusive-mindedness of European Integration)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 서양사론 / 99호 / 175 ~ 199페이지
· 저자명 : 박지현

초록

This study is not only to present Paul Valéry as a pioneer of European integration, but also to rethink the present direction of European Union through Valéry’s ideal.
Since the Masstricht Treaty(1992), European Union changed from the economical community to the political community. This change asked the EU member states to construct European citizenship in preparation for the future of the political community. So, the European Commission tried to reformer the European educative programme for making up a European identity: Socrates Programme (1995-2006) and Lifelong Learning Programme(2007-2013). During these programmes, the European Commission for Education and Culture rediscovered the precursors of European integration in the literary and philosophical dimensions. For this reason, it was possible to be concerned about Paul Valéry as a French writer who suggested the necessity of European integration.
The essence of Valéry’s ideal was represented as a word, “Esprit Européen(European Minds)”. This notion was from the crisis of European civilization which was threatened by U.S.A. and U.S.S.R after World War I. The reason why he told about such a crisis is that the European society lost the European mind composed by the three essential conditions “romanized, christianized, disciplined by the Greeks”. For him, if these conditions were restored, it should be possible to construct a new european order against the political order dominated by U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. Such a point, Valéry’s ideal gave to the EU member states a guide line for the essence of European identity.
However, there was the critical point of Valéry’s ideal in the period of the explanation of European Union. Above all, the EU member states had a lot of immigrants from Africa and Asia. The immigrants had their historical experience, religious opinion and intellectual basis in different of the European identity “romanized, christianized, disciplined by the Greeks”. So, Valéry's ideal could unavoidably isolate the immigrants from the European society and it might bring European citizenship in the racial discrimination for dividing into two, European and non-European. Besides, such a European identity didn’t apply the EU member states who had a different traditional culture and religion. In spite of this problem, the European Union inclined to the European identity in basis of his ideal and it actually showed a different attitude toward the admission of East-European countries, Bosnia, Hungary, Turkey. Therefore, the more European Union emphasize the European mind of Valéry, the more European integration point up exclusive-mindedness.

영어초록

This study is not only to present Paul Valéry as a pioneer of European integration, but also to rethink the present direction of European Union through Valéry’s ideal.
Since the Masstricht Treaty(1992), European Union changed from the economical community to the political community. This change asked the EU member states to construct European citizenship in preparation for the future of the political community. So, the European Commission tried to reformer the European educative programme for making up a European identity: Socrates Programme (1995-2006) and Lifelong Learning Programme(2007-2013). During these programmes, the European Commission for Education and Culture rediscovered the precursors of European integration in the literary and philosophical dimensions. For this reason, it was possible to be concerned about Paul Valéry as a French writer who suggested the necessity of European integration.
The essence of Valéry’s ideal was represented as a word, “Esprit Européen(European Minds)”. This notion was from the crisis of European civilization which was threatened by U.S.A. and U.S.S.R after World War I. The reason why he told about such a crisis is that the European society lost the European mind composed by the three essential conditions “romanized, christianized, disciplined by the Greeks”. For him, if these conditions were restored, it should be possible to construct a new european order against the political order dominated by U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. Such a point, Valéry’s ideal gave to the EU member states a guide line for the essence of European identity.
However, there was the critical point of Valéry’s ideal in the period of the explanation of European Union. Above all, the EU member states had a lot of immigrants from Africa and Asia. The immigrants had their historical experience, religious opinion and intellectual basis in different of the European identity “romanized, christianized, disciplined by the Greeks”. So, Valéry's ideal could unavoidably isolate the immigrants from the European society and it might bring European citizenship in the racial discrimination for dividing into two, European and non-European. Besides, such a European identity didn’t apply the EU member states who had a different traditional culture and religion. In spite of this problem, the European Union inclined to the European identity in basis of his ideal and it actually showed a different attitude toward the admission of East-European countries, Bosnia, Hungary, Turkey. Therefore, the more European Union emphasize the European mind of Valéry, the more European integration point up exclusive-mindedness.

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