지하수 중 탄소원으로 fumarate 주입과 유전자분석을 통한 질산성질소 자연저감도 평가 (Evaluation of Natural Attenuation by Addition of Fumarate as Carbon Source and Gene Analysis in Groundwater Sample)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국지하수토양환경학회
· 수록지 정보 : 지하수토양환경 / 19권 / 4호 / 62 ~ 69페이지
· 저자명 : 박선화, 김현구, 김소현, 이민경, 이경미, 김영, 김문수, 김태승

초록

In the results of monitoring nitrate concentration in more than 8,000 groundwater wells around agro-livestock, the averageand maximum nitrate concentration was 9.4 mg/L and 101.2 mg/L, respectively. Since about 31% of the monitoring wellswas exceed the quality standard for drinking water, nitrate control such as remediation or source regulation is required toconserve safe-groundwater in South Korea. Typical nitrate-treatment technologies include ion exchange, reverse osmosis, andbiological denitrification. Among the treatment methods, biological denitrification by indigenous microorganism hasenvironmental and economic advantages for the complete elimination of nitrate because of lower operating costs compared toother methods. Major mechanism of the process is microbial reduction of nitrate to nitrite and nitrogen gas. Three functionalgenes (nosZ, nirK, nirS) that encode for the enzyme involved in the pathway. In this work, we tried to develop simple processto determine possibility of natural denitrification reaction by monitoring the functional gene. For the work, the functionalgenes in nitrate-contaminated groundwater were monitored by using PCR with specific target primers. In the result, functionalgenes (nosZ and nirK) encoding denitrification enzymes were detected in the groundwater samples. This method can help todetermine the possibility of natural-nitrate degradation in target groundwater wells without multiplex experimental process. Inaddition, for field-remediation application we selected nitrate-contaminated site where 200~600 mg/L of nitrate iscontinuously detected. To determine the possibility of nitrate-degradation by stimulated-natural attenuation, groundwater wassampled in two different wells of the site and nitrate concentration of the samples was 300 mg/L and 616 mg/L, respectively.
Fumarate for different C/N ratio was added into microcosm bottles containing the groundwater to examine denitrification ratedepending on carbon concentration. In the result, once 1.5 times more than amount of fumarate stoichiometry required wasadded, the 616 mg/L of nitrate and 300 mg/L of nitrate were completely degraded in 8 days and 30 days. The nitrite,byproduct of denitrification process, was also completely degraded during the experimental period.

영어초록

In the results of monitoring nitrate concentration in more than 8,000 groundwater wells around agro-livestock, the averageand maximum nitrate concentration was 9.4 mg/L and 101.2 mg/L, respectively. Since about 31% of the monitoring wellswas exceed the quality standard for drinking water, nitrate control such as remediation or source regulation is required toconserve safe-groundwater in South Korea. Typical nitrate-treatment technologies include ion exchange, reverse osmosis, andbiological denitrification. Among the treatment methods, biological denitrification by indigenous microorganism hasenvironmental and economic advantages for the complete elimination of nitrate because of lower operating costs compared toother methods. Major mechanism of the process is microbial reduction of nitrate to nitrite and nitrogen gas. Three functionalgenes (nosZ, nirK, nirS) that encode for the enzyme involved in the pathway. In this work, we tried to develop simple processto determine possibility of natural denitrification reaction by monitoring the functional gene. For the work, the functionalgenes in nitrate-contaminated groundwater were monitored by using PCR with specific target primers. In the result, functionalgenes (nosZ and nirK) encoding denitrification enzymes were detected in the groundwater samples. This method can help todetermine the possibility of natural-nitrate degradation in target groundwater wells without multiplex experimental process. Inaddition, for field-remediation application we selected nitrate-contaminated site where 200~600 mg/L of nitrate iscontinuously detected. To determine the possibility of nitrate-degradation by stimulated-natural attenuation, groundwater wassampled in two different wells of the site and nitrate concentration of the samples was 300 mg/L and 616 mg/L, respectively.
Fumarate for different C/N ratio was added into microcosm bottles containing the groundwater to examine denitrification ratedepending on carbon concentration. In the result, once 1.5 times more than amount of fumarate stoichiometry required wasadded, the 616 mg/L of nitrate and 300 mg/L of nitrate were completely degraded in 8 days and 30 days. The nitrite,byproduct of denitrification process, was also completely degraded during the experimental period.

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