1905년 러시아 혁명기의 검열법 개정 - 코베코위원회를 중심으로 - (The Amendment Censorship Laws and the Kobeko Commission during the 1905 Revolution in Russia)

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· 발행기관 : 한국슬라브․유라시아학회
· 수록지 정보 : 슬라브학보 / 30권 / 1호 / 103 ~ 132페이지
· 저자명 : 김용환

초록

This article examines the Kobeko Commission that specifically relates to the 1905 temporary law, promulgated on November 24, 1905 by Nikolai II. The author of the article contends that the Kobeko Commission played an important role in the process of the amendments to the censorship laws in Russia and had a large impact on the history of the Russian press and censorship in general. Thus, in this article, the author explores the establishing background, composition, and activities of the Kobeko Commission.
The Kobeko Commission was a special Council that acted as an advisory board to the tsar. The commission had limitations because Nikolai II had the final say on all policies. The despotic government used the Commission as a political shield against public criticism in the revolutionary situation, and prepared reinforcements to the censorship system behind the shield of the commission. Nevertheless, the Kobeko Commission had played an influential role in the reformation of the press and censorship policies. The Commission drafted amendments to the censorship laws as result of activities during 10 months. Some of them were reflected in the 1905 temporary law. The Commission abolished pre-censorship, and submitted a refund system for publication and administrative measure by the 1905 temporary law. It also brought into effect post-publication censorship by the judicial system, the reporting system of the publication. However, many guidelines of punishment from existing legislation remained. The autocracy commenced suppression of the freedom of the press on the basis of the 1905 temporary law. However, these amendments were at the root of Russian society’s view on the freedom of speech pertaining to the press, the Russian press continued to struggle for their freedom.

영어초록

This article examines the Kobeko Commission that specifically relates to the 1905 temporary law, promulgated on November 24, 1905 by Nikolai II. The author of the article contends that the Kobeko Commission played an important role in the process of the amendments to the censorship laws in Russia and had a large impact on the history of the Russian press and censorship in general. Thus, in this article, the author explores the establishing background, composition, and activities of the Kobeko Commission.
The Kobeko Commission was a special Council that acted as an advisory board to the tsar. The commission had limitations because Nikolai II had the final say on all policies. The despotic government used the Commission as a political shield against public criticism in the revolutionary situation, and prepared reinforcements to the censorship system behind the shield of the commission. Nevertheless, the Kobeko Commission had played an influential role in the reformation of the press and censorship policies. The Commission drafted amendments to the censorship laws as result of activities during 10 months. Some of them were reflected in the 1905 temporary law. The Commission abolished pre-censorship, and submitted a refund system for publication and administrative measure by the 1905 temporary law. It also brought into effect post-publication censorship by the judicial system, the reporting system of the publication. However, many guidelines of punishment from existing legislation remained. The autocracy commenced suppression of the freedom of the press on the basis of the 1905 temporary law. However, these amendments were at the root of Russian society’s view on the freedom of speech pertaining to the press, the Russian press continued to struggle for their freedom.

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