AHP기반의 중소기업 정보화지원사업 신청기업 선정을 위한 평가지표 가중치 연구 (The Study of Evaluation Indicator of Selecting Enterprise for 'SMEs Informatization Supporting Program' based on AHP)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 국제e-비즈니스학회
· 수록지 정보 : e-비즈니스연구 / 12권 / 4호 / 177 ~ 197페이지
· 저자명 : 이준호, 박광호

초록

본 연구는 『중소기업기술정보진흥원』에서 실시하고 있는 ‘중소기업 정보화지원사업’의 신청기업을 선정하기 위한 평가지표의 상대적인 중요도를 알아보기 위하여 2개의 평가기준, 9개의 평가영역, 31개의 평가지표로 계층화 및 모델링하고, 중소기업 정보화지원사업 평가위원 풀에 속해 있는 학계, 업계, 연구소 등의 전문가들을 대상으로 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)분석기법과 Expert Choice 2000(Second Edition)을 활용해 성과지표의 가중치를 차별적으로 도출한다. 또한 다양한 측면의 민감도 분석을 통해 가중치의 변화에 따른 대안의 우선순위가 어떻게 변화하는지를 검토해 볼 수 있도록 하여 이를 통해 ‘중소기업 정보화지원사업’의 바람직한 신청기업 선정을 위한 전략적인 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.
AHP분석 절차는 (1단계)계층도 모델링 → (2단계)쌍대수치비교 → (3단계)일관성 비율판정 → (4단계)평가지표의 우선순위 선정 → (5단계)민감도 분석의 절차로 진행되었으며, 본 연구를 통해 도출되는 성과민감도(Performance Sensitivity), 동적민감도(Dynamic Sensitivity), 경사민감도(Gradient Sensitivity)의 분석을 통해 의사결정과 관련된 정보의 변화에 따른 민감도를 분석할 수 있게 하였다. 즉 평가기준의 가중치를 변화시켜 나감으로써 평가지표의 우선순위가 어떻게 변화하는지를 검토하여, 중소기업 정보화지원사업의 신청기업을 선정하는 중요한 변수로 활용될 수 있다.

영어초록

The purpose of this research is going to obtain differently the relative importance by targeting to the assessment category and its factors of assessment criteria(site assessment and evaluation assessment) to select the applied companies for 'enforcement business of management innovation which based on IT" and "digitalized business for manufacturing site" among the “SMEs Informatization Supporting Program” which TIPA carries out and to use it as a reasonable and useful data for selecting the applied companies through this.
The procedure of AHP analysis of this research is as the following:(Step1)Modelling of Hierarchical layer (Step2)Pairwise Numerical Comparisons(Step3)Decision of Consistency Ratio(Step4)choice of Priority for valuation factors(Step5)Analysis of Sensitivity -(Step1) Hierarchical Modelling : We had been created the evaluation criteria and its alternative for "the weighted values for evaluation area and its factors in order to choose the "SMEs Informatization Supporting Program" using "Hierarchical modelling among Valuation factors for Informatization support business for SMEs" and we have been made the modelling for its hierarchical layer.
-(Step2) Pairwise Numerical Comparisons : To investigate the relative importance regarding to the evaluation area and its criteria, we had been input the pairwise numerical value using the pairwise Numerical Comparisons among kinds of evaluation nodes.
-(Step3) Decision of Consistency Ratio : We had been generated the Consistency Ratio using Priorities derived from Pairwise Comparisons and confirmed the consistency of answers by setting the consistency ratio to less than 0.2, considered the hierarchical models of this research that were made up 2 pairwise comparison objects for layer 1, 9 pairwise comparison objects for layer 2 and 31 pairwise comparison objects for layer 3.(SanhHoon Kim, JumKi Choi, 2007). It had been selected 25 persons to be satisfied the consistency less than 0.2 among 35 available respondents and processed the decision of consistency ratio after selecting 25 participants which were number of limitation provided in Expert Choice 2000(2nd edition)version by ascending order.
-(Step4) choice of Priority for valuation factors : The priority choice for valuation factors and weighted value of valuation index which selects the company of an "SMEs Informatization Supporting Program" had been chosen according to the final results of the local index value and global index value with a combination of the answers by 25 available respondents.
-(Step5) Analysis of Sensitivity : The Analysis of Sensitivity is shown the changing rate of valuation factors depending on a relative importance for the company selection among applied companies for "SMEs Informatization Supporting Program" and Decision analysis by assessors could be considered the changing of a relative importance for evaluation criteria depending on diverse situations and the relative decision change by decision maker, etc.
As the results of this research, the relative importance of evaluation criteria had been shown 30.2% in "site assessment" and 69.8% in "evaluation assessment" was shown more than 2 times of "site assessment". When the criteria area of "site assessment" and the relative importance about evaluation criteria had been compared, it had been recorded the highest weighted value because the item of " a will for carrying out the business and environments" recorded 64.2% as well as we could found that "the carrying out the Informatization environments" recorded at 19.3% and "validity of assignment" recorded 16.5% as a similar level. In case of "the evaluation assessment", the "reality" of 28.8% had been analysed to have a more important than "Support ability" of 21.8%, "support strategy"of 19.9% and "reasonability of assignment" of 12.5% and "Operational management" and "business management" were shown the lowest weighted value as 0.8%.
It could be understood that the various conditions for carrying out the business of applied company rather than the Informatization environments, the Informatization investment level and the feasibility of to-be task of applied company, in the other hand, an aggressive mind of CEO and director level for business and concerns are actually more important for "SMEs Informatization Supporting Program" in case of "site assessment"..
It can recognize to be needed the managements about the actual investment plan, to-be schedules and its records according to be analysed as the reality item and supporting ability item values have the high weighted value in case of "evaluation assessment". Meanwhile, the aspect of business management of how to do the quality control and document management and so on, educational training and after maintenance and so on show the relatively lower importance because it has been more or less standardized than other items and the administrative approach level at each applied companies is almost similar.
It can be analysed the Sensitivity depending on the change of information related to decision through the analysis of the Performance Sensitivity, Dynamic Sensitivity, Gradient Sensitivity, Two Dimension Plot in this research. Thus, it can be used as the important factor to select the applied company, surveyed the priority of assessment criteria by be changing the weighted value of the assessment criteria But it can be shown the excessively biased value depending on the individual respondent's situations even if all 25 respondents of AHP survey pass the less than 0.2 which is the decisional standard of consistency ratio and it should be included the decision method of alternative index to guarantee it because those outlier affect to overall decision which a majority of experts suggest.
Indeed, in this research, it was needed to compare, review and verify the weighted value of the existing researches and instances about the obtained weighted value, comparison, review, verification but it didn't have the confirming procedure as well as it didn't analyse about the verification procedure and the using survey by the related to group(support company(beneficiary company, applied company)), applied institutes(IT company), assessment committee(academy world, business industry, institutes, etc.) in order to select the support company which can be satisfied the opinion of stakeholder. It is the weakness point of this research.
In order to prove the assessment area and the relative importance about evaluation criteria which obtained through this research in the future, it need to be researched the inter-relationship which affected to the achievement of between the existing assessment criteria and the assessment criteria that applied the weighted value through the sampling verification of assessment area and its criteria as the target of companies which performed "SMEs Informatization Supporting Program"(the measurement of company achievement is based on the achievement factors to be reflected into the final audit results of the SMEs Informatization Supporting Program.)

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