프랑스혁명과 식민주의: 총재정부시기 식민지 문제를 중심으로 (The French Revolution and Colonialism: Focusing on the Colonial question in the period of the Directoire)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양사연구회
· 수록지 정보 : 서양사연구 / 53호 / 105 ~ 138페이지
· 저자명 : 양희영

초록

The colonial question was one of main political issues in the period of the Directoire. The republicans struggled to preserve the ‘general liberty’ pronounced by the Law of Pluviôse 16 because they considered the denial of the general liberty as the denial of the revolutionary cause itself. The controversies over the abolition of slavery, however, always presupposed the retention of colonies and the economic interests of France. The republicans emphasized the economic effects of the abolition of slavery and free wage labor to justify the general liberty. According to them, the force and wealth of France depended on the retention of colonies, which needed the abolition of slavery and the free wage labor. The republicans also argued that only the Republic could guarantee the liberty and civil rights of emancipated slaves against the offensive of the separatist colons and royalists. The general liberty combined with the principle of colonialism and it was the ‘Society of the Friends of the Blacks and the Colonies’ that justified and developed the colonialism based on the general liberty. The Society focused their activities on the regeneration of old colonies and the formation of new colonies. All political groups, as well as the Society, which were concerned about the British monopoly of sea trade aspired for new colonies. The Society offered arguments for realizing and justifying this aspiration by combining the general liberty achieved by the Republic with the regeneration of colonies and the extension of the civilization.

영어초록

The colonial question was one of main political issues in the period of the Directoire. The republicans struggled to preserve the ‘general liberty’ pronounced by the Law of Pluviôse 16 because they considered the denial of the general liberty as the denial of the revolutionary cause itself. The controversies over the abolition of slavery, however, always presupposed the retention of colonies and the economic interests of France. The republicans emphasized the economic effects of the abolition of slavery and free wage labor to justify the general liberty. According to them, the force and wealth of France depended on the retention of colonies, which needed the abolition of slavery and the free wage labor. The republicans also argued that only the Republic could guarantee the liberty and civil rights of emancipated slaves against the offensive of the separatist colons and royalists. The general liberty combined with the principle of colonialism and it was the ‘Society of the Friends of the Blacks and the Colonies’ that justified and developed the colonialism based on the general liberty. The Society focused their activities on the regeneration of old colonies and the formation of new colonies. All political groups, as well as the Society, which were concerned about the British monopoly of sea trade aspired for new colonies. The Society offered arguments for realizing and justifying this aspiration by combining the general liberty achieved by the Republic with the regeneration of colonies and the extension of the civilization.

참고자료

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