세계 최초의 그림책 『세계도회』에 나타난 언어교육론 고찰 (A Study of Language Education for Young Child on the World's First Picture Book, Orbis Pictus)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국어린이문학교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 어린이문학교육연구 / 14권 / 3호 / 95 ~ 112페이지
· 저자명 : 김병희, 김유라

초록

현대 교육에서 그림책이 갖는 의의와 중요성은 널리 인정되고 있으며 이에 관한 연구도 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 아동교육에서 최초로 그림을 교육적 방법으로 활용함으로써 최초의 그림책으로 평가 받고 있는 코메니우스의 『세계도회』는 그 중요성에도 불구하고 언어교육에서 연구의 주목을 받지 못하여 왔다. 본 연구는 『세계도회』의 저술배경과 내용을 검토함으로써 아동교육에서 그림이 활용된 시대적 배경과 의의를 살펴보고 『세계도회』에서 나타난 언어교육론을 고찰하여 현대 언어교육에 주는 시사점을 밝히고자 하였다. 『세계도회』는 감각을 통한 교육이라는 원리 하에 어린이들의 감각 인식에 적합하게 그림을 활용하여 만든 어린이 언어교육 교재이다. 이에 따라 『세계도회』는 단원마다 삽화를 활용함으로써 오늘날의 그림책과 비슷한 형태를 가지고 있을 뿐 아니라, 그림과 삽화를 활용하여 아동의 발달단계와 흥미를 고려했다는 점에서 아동교육적 의의를 가진다. 더하여 『세계도회』는 언어교육과 더불어 어린이 문학교육의 연구에도 주요한 주제가 되어야 할 것이다.

영어초록

The meaning and importance of picture books in modern education for children are widely accepted, and research on them is actively carried out. However, Orbis Pictus, written by Comenius, has not drawn much attention in the studies about child language education in spite of its importance. It is considered to be the first picture book using pictures as an educative method in child education. To examine the implication of Orbis Pictus for modern child education and look into the historical background and significance of the pictures used in child education, this study investigated the writing ground and the contents of Orbis Pictus. Comenius was a sense realist in the 17th century. Unlike the former sense realists, he emphasized sensory cognition and sensory education. Following the principle of sensory education, he wrote a child language education textbook, Orbis Pictus, which used pictures suited for the sensory cognition of children. Orbis Pictus has a similar form to the present picture book, using illustrations in each chapter. Also its difficulty develops stage by stage, starting from concise words and simple contents to difficult words and abstract contents. The features of his language educational view expressed in Orbis Pictus are that the knowledge should be organized by level, following the children's grasp of each developmental stage, and that knowledge about concrete things should be given first, gradually followed by abstract things. In addition to that, all of these processes should be conducted through sensory cognition. Orbis Pictus is written for the purpose of language acquisition, but its implication for child education is more than that. Orbis Pictus implies principles of child literature education. The first principle is that infants could acquire diverse experiences and amusement through picture books, and the second principle is that this enables infants to reconstruct knowledge and experiences in addition to stimulating imagination. In these regards, it appears that Orbis Pictus should be not only the starting point of the research into the educational meaning of picture books but the major theme of child literature education.

참고자료

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