奈良시대의 對策에 보이는 郊祀에 관하여 - 天平 3년의 ‘郊祀進退’ 對策을 중심으로 - (About the Koshi Seen in Taisaku in the Nara Period - Focused on Taisaku Regarding ‘Koshi-shintai’ in Tenpyo 3 -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 일본연구 / 101호 / 121 ~ 150페이지
· 저자명 : 서보경

초록

本研究は、『経国集』に収録された天平3年(731)に作成された正月上辛郊祀の擇日の問題を論じた対策を検討し、聖武天皇の治世初期になぜこの問題が出題されたのかという問題を究明しようとした。天平3年の正月上申郊祀の擇日に対する策問は中国の六朝時代の‘禮制論争’にその起源を置いたものである。したがって郊祀の擇日問題の出題は中国の‘禮制論争’はもちろん、当時の唐国の禮典に対する理解がその思想的背景になった。また、聖武天皇の朝廷で実権を掌握した藤原武智麻呂が、続いた凶作などの天皇災を避けるために、神仏に祈る手段の他に、祈穀祭祀の性格を帯びた正月上辛の郊祀儀禮の受け入れを通じて天皇の権威を高めようとし、聖武天皇は祈穀祭を通じて主権者の権威を確固たるものにしながら、愛民重農の所信を表明しようとしただろう。しかし、正月上辛の祈穀 祭は、聖武天皇の治世期に発生した未曾有の事件、つまり疫病の蔓延により、藤原武智麻呂で本人はもちろん、兄弟が皆疫病で死に至るようになり、不意の災害をきっかけに天皇の政治が仏教の方にひどく傾倒し、実行に至らなかったものと見られる。

영어초록

This study examines the Taisaku discussing the issue of choosing a date for Suburban Sacrifice on the Chinese New Year the first shin, written in the third year of the Tenpyo and in the context of the broader socio-political landscape of ancient Japan. In the third year of the Tenpyo (731), as recorded in 『Keikokushu』, the question of why this issue was raised so early in the Shōmu-tennō’s reign is illuminated. Taisaku for the Chinese New Year, the first shin Suburban Sacrifice, in the third year of the Tenpyo, inquired as to whether the Chinese New Year the first shin (calendar) or the Lichun (solar term), should be considered in determining the date. This question has its origins in the “rituals contention-controversy” of the Six Dynasties of China. Consequently, koshi’s entry on the matter is informed by both the Chinese “rituals contention- controversy” and his understanding of the Tang Dynasty rites of the time. In addition to praying to the gods and Buddha to avert natural disasters, such as the successive poor years, Fujiwara no Muchimaro, who assumed power in the Shōmu-tennō era, also engaged in the Kikokujizoku (the ritual of praying for grain). It is plausible that Shōmu-tennō may have The emperor’s authority was sought to be elevated through the acceptance of the Koshi ceremonial occasions of the first shin of Chinese New Year. Furthermore, in officiating at the Kikokje, Shōmu-tennō sought to express his conviction of love for the people and the promotion of agriculture, while simultaneously solidifying the sovereign’s authority. However, the Kikokje of the first Chinese New Year was marked by a series of unprecedented events that occurred during Shōmu-tennō’s reign. These included a plague that killed Fujiwara no Muchimaro and his brothers, as well as a series of unexpected disasters that appear to have caused the Tennō’s politics to shift significantly in favour of Buddhism.

참고자료

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