안중근 관련 중국 시가 중의 인물 형상 연구 (A Study on the Image of Character Portraying Ahn Jung-geun in Chinese Poems)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 단국대학교 동양학연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 동양학 / 93호 / 47 ~ 71페이지
· 저자명 : 최형욱

초록

많은 중국인들이 안중근 의사를 제재로 자신의 인식과 감정을 담은 시가를 지었다. 표현기법 면에서 이 시 가들은 대부분 고대 중국의 수많은 인물 형상과 전고를 적극 활용했다. 안중근의 형상화에 활용된 인물들은 두 부류로 나눌 수 있다. 한 부류는 ‘刺客’·‘俠士’로 규정할 수 있는 인물들이다. 사실 ‘자객’이라는 말은 부정 적으로 치부되는 경향도 있어 세밀히 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 다른 한 부류는 ‘英雄’·‘志士’로 규정할 수 있는 인 물들이다. 오해의 여지가 없는 긍정의 이미지이다. 중국 시가들은 전자의 荊軻와 후자의 張良을 위주로 하고, 양자에 속하는 수많은 인물들, 즉 豫讓·要離· 聶政·高漸離·宜僚 등과 先軫·楊儀·唐雎·藺相如·申包胥·董公·魯陽公·文天祥 등을 함께 활용하여 의 협·웅·지사·위인으로 안중근의 긍정적 이미지를 한층 제고시켰다. 중국인들이 자국의 수난기에 국가를 구원할 수 있는 ‘士道’ 즉 강건한 리더십의 전형을 수립하고자 갈망했던 것과 관련이 있다고 생각한다. 안중근 은 시의적절한 정면교사다. 忠·義·勇·희생정신·진취성·상무정신 및 강한 의지 등 이상적인 국민성을 고루 갖춘 국가사회 리더의 전형이었다. 때문에 중국에서 의협과 위인으로 표상되었고, 많은 시가로 노래될 수 있었다.

영어초록

Most of the Chinese poems portraying Ahn Jung~geun were created by actively utilizing numerous Chinese great men’s images of character and allusions. The characters used for Ahn Jung-geun’s image can be largely classified into two types: “刺客” (assassin) and “俠士” (chivalrous man). Chinese poems mourned and praised Ahn Jung-geun, who was not afraid of death at all, by embodying heroic figures and defending Ahn Jung-geun’s spirit. The most likened figure was Jing Ke (荊軻), and Yu Rang(豫讓)、Yao Li(要離)、Nie Zheng(聶政)、Gao Jian-li(高漸離)、Yi Liao(宜僚) were also appropriately used. In general, the term “assassin” tends to be understood as “a person who specializes in secretly killing people, an assassinator.” However, the assassins compared to Ahn Jung-geun in Chinese poetry were not represented in a negative and narrow sense. These figures have a very positive image with the personality of “chivalry,” namely, the image of a national and social leader who practiced both loyalty and revenge. The other class of image of characters used in Ahn Jung-geun’s representation are those that can be considered as “英雄” (heroes) and “志士” (patriots). Zhang Liang (張良), who contributed to the founding of the Han Dynasty, was used the most. “Xian Zhen(先軫)、Yang Yi(楊儀)、Tang Ju (唐雎)、Lin Xiang-ru(藺相如)、Shen Bao-xu (申包胥)、Dong Gong(董公)、Lu Yang-gong(魯陽公)、 Wen Tian-xiang(文天祥)” were also adopted. In particular, Chinese poems praised Zhang Liang as a “great man” of China, who established the shining historical record, and emphasized that his indomitable spirit continued to Ahn Jung-geun. Chinese poems also sang that their this tradition would be transmitted to Korea permanently. It is a metaphor and narrative of “hope” that encourages the Chinese in hardship. The Chinese longed to establish the epitome of robust leadership that could save the country in times of distress. Ultimately, it was also hoped that the general public would internalize Ahn Jung-geun’s positive image as chivalrous man and patriots, and further accept this image as the root of an ideal national character. In this regard, Ahn Jung-geun was a timely role model. Therefore, he was represented as a chivalrous and great man in China and could be sung in many poems. In addition, some poems praised Ito Hirobumi for a similar purpose, portraying his heroic aspect that led to reform and prosperity.

참고자료

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