공동주택단지의 CPTED 도입현황과 문제점 (A Study on Schemes to Activate CPTED in Housing Complex)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국범죄심리학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국범죄심리연구 / 7권 / 1호 / 55 ~ 78페이지
· 저자명 : 김순석, 김대권

초록

주거환경에서의 범죄문제는 단순히 물질적 피해뿐만 아니라 정신적 피해에도 영향을 끼친다는 측면에서 삶의 질을 결정하는 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다. 특히 다수의 사람들이 함께 삶을 영위하는 공동주택단지의 경우 거주자들이 각각의 거주지뿐만 아니라 단지 내 외부공간에서도 많은 시간을 보내게 됨에 따라 공동주택단지는 다양한 주거 가치의 확보가 요구되는 하나의 커뮤니티로서 작용하게 되었고, 범죄 감소를 위한 노력은 범죄피해와 함께 단지 내 생활공간에서 범죄불안감을 저감시키는 방향으로 나아가고 있다. 이러한 추세에 따라 최근 이슈로 떠오르는 개념이 범죄에 취약한 공간적 요소를 최소화하고 자연적 감시를 증진시키기 위한 “환경설계를 통한 범죄예방(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, 이하 CPTED)” 개념이다.
CPTED는 종합적인 범죄예방 전략의 한 축으로 이해될 수 있으며 전체적인 국가적 범죄예방 정책 및 지방자치단체 차원의 지역개발계획과 조화를 이루어야 제대로 성과를 거둘 수 있다. 아울러, 현재 선진 민주국가 경찰행정 이념에 있어서 규범으로 자리잡고 있는 ‘지역사회 지향 경찰활동(Community Oriented Policing)’과 상호보완적으로 활용될 때, CPTED는 ‘지역공동체 치안(Community Safety)’ 확보라는 현대 지역행정의 난제를 해결할 수 있는 열쇠가 될 수 있다.
CPTED와 지역사회 경찰활동은 공히 범죄예방에 있어 ‘문제해결식 접근(problem-solving approach)’을 강조하고 있으며, 범죄의 발생률과 범죄에 대해 느끼는 공포심의 감소를 위해서는 경찰과 주민간의 긴밀한 협력과 공조가 가장 중요하다고 보고 있다.

영어초록

This research aims to consider various methods needed to construct a safe city environment free from crimes, to which people is recently paying growing attention, and especially to suggest policies applicable to innovation cities whose construction is being encouraged these days.
To do that, literature review and case study were conducted while comparison and analysis were made of the cases of the application of CPTED in each country. Complementary researches were also conducted through in-depth interviews with the personnel in charge of practical matters in such innovation cities as are being or have been constructed around the country.
CPTED may be understood as part of comprehensive crime prevention strategies and can achieve their intended goals only if they are in concert with national crime prevention policies and local development plans.
Now, the following are several limits and problems expected in the future when the theories of CPTED will be introduced and promoted in Korea.
Firstly, investigations have been made into the existing views of CPTED, which are possessed by the police and the local residents, who are the subjects of the operation of CPTED. The investigations found that both the police and residents mostly approved the introduction of CPTED and expected it would bring about very good crime prevention effects.
Secondly, a consideration has been made of a relevant budget, which may be another important factor for introducing and applying CPTED. A fundamental reason for preparing a poor budget was not legal support systems but the appropriate organizations' lack of awareness and will to prepare and execute a good budget. Therefore, in order to overcome such a problem, active advertizement is required to enhance the government's understanding of CPTED.
Thirdly, legal support shall give a strong impetus to efficient introduction of CPTED.
Lastly, there are many limits and problems to legal and institutional supports. Currently, we have no institutional support, which is needed for systematically and efficiently introducing and applying CPTED. This research proposes new establishment of a SBD system which certifies the safety of construction processes after checks and post confirmation are made and a quality certification system which assesses and recognizes the quality, safety and appropriateness of products related to construction and crime prevention. Also, a need for cultivating relevant experts is stressed.
In an effort not to limit crime prevention strategies to the problems of men but to search for more fundamental schemes, it is expected that CPTED, which aims to reduce crime opportunities by means of designs of environment and to suppress crime intentions, will develop continuously more in the future.

참고자료

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