아브라함 이야기에 나타난 ‘의와 정의’의 문학적, 신학적 의미: 창세기 18장 17-21절을 중심으로 (The Literary and Theological Significance of ‘Righteousness and Justice’ in the Story of Abraham: Focusing on Genesis 18:17-21.)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양고대역사문화학회
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· 저자명 : 유윤종

초록

이 글은 창세기 18장 17-21절에서 아브라함이 야웨로부터 받았던 약속 가운데 나타난 ‘의와 정의’의 의미를 내러티브 비평과 정경비평으로 탐구하여 세가지 주요 사항을 밝힌다. 첫째, 18:19에서의 의와 정의는 곧 창세기 18-19장에서 손님 환대의 실천을 의미한다. 둘째, 창세기 18장 17-21절은 창세기 18-19장의 문학적, 신학적 통일성의 형성에 기여한다. 셋째, 창세기 18장 17-21절이 창세기 18-19장내에서 ‘야누스 연결기법’으로 기능함을 밝힌다. 야누스 연결기법으로 18:17-21이 아브라함의 축복과 소돔과 고모라의 멸망을 설명하는 역할을 한다.

영어초록

“Righteousness and Justice” is considered one of the most common and important theological themes in the Old Testament. The phrase ‘righteousness and justice’ first occurs in Genesis 18:17-21, which is called ‘God's Soliloquy’ in the Old Testament. This paper aims to explore the literary and theological significance of righteousness and justice in the story of Abraham, with a specific focus on Genesis 18:17-21, where this theme is evident. Additionally, it will examine Genesis 18:17-21 in the context of the larger literary unit of Genesis 18-19.
In chapter two, this paper presents exegetical works based on the chiastic structure of Genesis 18:17-21. In verse 19, Abraham is told that he and his descendants have been elected to practice righteousness and justice. Verse 18 states that Abraham become a progenitor of mighty nations and kings, and all the people of the earth will be blessed by him, without providing the reason for this blessing. Similarly, in verse 20, it is mentioned that Yahweh hears an outcry from the inhabitants of Sodom and Gomorrah, but the reason behind this outcry is not provided. Therefore, it becomes necessary to explore this lack of reason within the larger literary unit of Genesis chapters 18-19.
Chapter three demonstrates the literary and theological significance of Genesis 18:17-21, in connection with the larger literary unit of Genesis chapters 18-19. The analysis includes the following points: 1) Abraham's practice of hospitality to guests (Gen. 18:1-16), 2) Abraham's dialogue with Yahweh (Gen. 18:22-33), where he pleads with God to protect Sodom and Gomorrah from destruction due to the wickedness of their inhabitants. This dialogue reveals Abraham's strong compassion for others, 3) The people of Sodom attempted to sexually abuse the guests(Gen. 19:1-11), which is sharply contrasted with Abraham's hospitality. This highlights how Sodom and Gomorrah failed to practice righteousness and justice, leading to their destruction. Only Lot was saved from the destruction, and this salvation is attributed to Abraham.
In Chapter 4, the Janus linking device of Genesis 18:17-21 with the preceding and following sections of Genesis chapters 18-19 is explored. It is argued that the criterion of righteousness and justice is manifested through the lens of hospitality and inhospitality. Consequently, it is concluded that the righteousness and justice emphasized in Genesis 18:19 is equivalent to displaying hospitality.

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