The Europeanization of Security and Defense Policy: Focusing on the Ukraine War

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한독사회과학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한독사회과학논총 / 34권 / 3호 / 207 ~ 234페이지
· 저자명 : 고주현, 체르니엔코 마리아

초록

The war in Ukraine has prompted a reassessment of the security threats facing Europe. In response to the war, most European countries have adopted a broad recognition of the need for a stronger national and collective defense mechanism, including increased defense budgets and the development of new military capabilities. The war has also forced pro-Russian member states to reorient their policies in a direction more in line with EU objectives, as part of a shift towards reducing the EU’s dependence on Russia for its energy and product supply chains. This reorientation is crucial for successful Europeanization and requires the commitment and cooperation of all member states. A unified stance on the common threat from Russia has promoted deeper integration and policy convergence within the EU. In terms of Europeanization, the conflict has accelerated the alignment of defense policy with broader EU frameworks and norms. Important developments include the strengthening of EU defense institutions, increased cooperation between member states, the adoption of a common defense policy, and progress towards greater strategic autonomy. Initiatives such as the EDF and PESCO projects have played a key role in this shift. At the same time, the strategic compass provides a clear vision for EU defence policy, guiding Member States in a common strategic direction. In addition, the strengthened common policy on cybersecurity and hybrid threats demonstrates a common commitment to address modern security challenges. In this way, the war in Ukraine has significantly accelerated the Europeanization of EU security and defence policy. The conflict has forced European countries to reassess their security strategies, increase defence spending and strengthen their military capabilities. It has also promoted unity and integration within the EU by reducing dependence on Russia and aligning Member States with broader EU defence objectives. This common response highlights the EU’s capacity to coordinate and strengthen its defence posture against external threats and marks a critical moment in the evolution of European security and defence policy.

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