도시 내 스타트업의 공간분포와 집적의 외부효과 (Spatial Distribution of Startups and Agglomeration Externalities in the City)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한국토·도시계획학회
· 수록지 정보 : 국토계획 / 56권 / 5호 / 182 ~ 198페이지
· 저자명 : 황자운, 강명구

초록

본 연구는 서울시를 대상으로 집계구 단위에서 기업가정신의 관점에서 스타트업의 공간적 분포를 분석한다. 특히 기업의 공간적 집중에 영향을 미치는 대표적인 지역요인인 집적경제의 외부효과와 스타트업의 입지의 상관관계를 분석하여 도시의 스타트업 육성, 지원을 위한 정책적 시사점을 제공한다.

영어초록

It is well known that entrepreneurs introduce innovations, create jobs, and contribute to the economic development and resilience of regions. Entrepreneurship is generally defined as entering or opening new markets through the creation of new ventures. Most studies on the locations of entrepreneurial activities have focused on determinants at the macro-geographic scale, such as regional levels or across cities, and often overlooked the fact that neighborhood choices within a city involve different criteria. This study examines the spatial distribution of startups as an indicator of opportunity-based entrepreneurship and which type of agglomeration externalities matters most to startup locations within a city. By analyzing the 2019 venture capital-backed startups in Seoul metropolitan city at the statistical level, we first found that startups were not only concentrated at the macrolevels but also significantly concentrated at the microlevels. Second, patterns of manufacturing startups were more likely to be concentrated in industrial zones while service startups were predominantly concentrated in the commercial business districts. Finally, the econometric results highlight the significant impacts of specialization on startup locations at the micro-geographic level, which has been rarely captured in previous macro-geographic scale analyses. Our finding demonstrates the need for more multiscalar understanding of urban entrepreneurship and suggests a crucial yet overlooked feature of an entrepreneurial city is old but specialized micro industrial clusters in the city.

참고자료

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