요양보호사의 직무스트레스와 직무만족에 관한 연구: 양주시 노인재가센터를 중심으로 (A Study on the Job Stress and Job Satisfaction of Care Helpers: Focusing on the Welfare Centers for Seniors who Stay at Home in Yangju City)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 글로벌경영학회
· 수록지 정보 : 글로벌경영학회지 / 12권 / 3호 / 509 ~ 532페이지
· 저자명 : 김민정, 전정수

초록

본 연구에서는 요양보호사의 일반적 특성, 수급자의 특성 및 직무 특성이 직무스트레스와 직무만족에 어떤 인식의 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 요양보호사의 직무만족을 증진시킴으로서 수급자에게 질 높은 서비스가 유지 될 수 있도록 하며, 장기요양보호정책의 발전에도 기여하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 경기도 양주시 노인재가센터로 하였다.
분석방법으로는 표본의 일반적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 빈도분석(Frequency Analysis)을 실시하였다. 그리고 응답자의 특성에 따른 요양보호사 및 수혜자 특성의 차이를 파악하고자 t검정(t-test)과 분산분석(One-Way ANOVA)을 실시하였으며, 분산분석 후 유의한 차이가 있는 경우는 Fisher's LSD의 사후검정을 사용하여 집단 간 차이를 분석하였다.
본 연구의 분석결과로는 우선 가장 기본적으로 알아보고자 한 요양보호사들의 직무스트레스의 수준은 대체로 높지 않은 것으로 나타났으나 어르신들의 과도한 수발요구는 요양보호사의 스트레스를 높이는 요인으로 나타났으며, 직무만족의 수준은 어느 정도 긍정적으로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과에 대한 시사점으로는 직무스트레스를 줄이기 위한 방안과 요양보호사의 직무만족을 향상시키기 위한 방안이라는 두가지를 제시하였다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study is to propose alternatives to decrease job stress of care workers and increase their job satisfaction so that the quality of care service can be raised and long-term care policy can be improved. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature on job stress and job satisfaction, a survey on the personal and job characteristics of care workers, including traits of beneficiaries they serve and the care workers' cognition of job stress and job satisfaction, was conducted.
For the survey, 20 welfare centers for seniors who stay at home in Yangju city were selected by simple random sampling and 250 care helpers were chosen. 143 questionnaires out of 173 collected were used for statistical analysis. In terms of statistical methods, frequency analysis was conducted to look into the personal characteristics of the samples; t-test and one-way ANOVA were carried out to distinguish the differences among care helpers and among beneficiaries according to the characteristics of samples. In addition, the post-hoc test of Fisher's LSD was conducted to analyze the differences among groups if there was a significant difference after the ANOVA.
The results of this study can be classified into three: the overall levels of the job stress and job satisfaction, the characteristics of care helpers which were related to the level of job stress and their characteristics related to the level of job satisfaction. First, the level of job stress was not high in general. However, the excessive care demands of seniors were associated with their job stress. The cognition of job satisfaction was positive in some degree.
Second, in terms of job stress, there were three kinds of significant results. In terms of personal characteristics of care helpers, household income level and experience of career change were found to be linked with the cognition of job stress. In the aspect of the traits of beneficiaries, the grade of beneficiaries and whether they live with family were found to be related to job stress. In terms of the job characteristics, the working hours, the required time to arrive at work place, and retraining were shown to be associated with job stress.
Third, in terms of the job satisfaction, there was no relationship between the personal characteristics of care helpers, and the cognition of job satisfaction. However, there were differences according to the grade of beneficiaries. Also, the working hours, hourly wage, and the number of seniors they care for a day were found to be linked to their job satisfaction.
This study made some suggestions based on the results. First, to reduce job stress of care helpers, duties need be assigned according to the experience of career change, salary and treatment should be differentiated based on the beneficiary's grade and family condition, working hours should be modified by consultation, to adjust the distance to work place, and worker-oriented training should be provided.
Second, to increase the job satisfaction of care helpers, duties should be assigned according to the beneficiary's grade, working hours and the number of seniors they serve for a day should be adjusted, care helpers' career should be considered, extra pay should be allowed.

참고자료

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