회환제를 통해 본 조선의 상업정책과 딜레마 (Chosun’s Commercial Policy and Dilemma Looked by Hoiwhan(回換))

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중세사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국중세사연구 / 37호 / 367 ~ 396페이지
· 저자명 : 임용한

초록

Chosun Dynasty’s commercial policy was based on physiocracy. Trade was only permitted to barter of absolute needs in life. However, trade had not to make a profit.
This policy could fulfill its function when there was no sudden demend for rice. As Chosun advanced to Yanggey(兩界), there took place large demmend for rice. First of all it needs rice of military supplies. But military supplies was not needed only for soldiers. Soldier of Chosun was civilian in peace. Government had to supply enough rice for them to settle in dangerous war-district and go positively to the front.
It needed commerce and merchant for massive supply, but Government could not abandon physiocracy. Government permitted to trade rice but only in Yanggey. It was Hoiwhan. But trade bring about out-flow rice in Yanggey not to increase savings of rice. Why it happened? Because there was no currency in Chosun, Rice was the highest goods and exchange method.
Government re-prohibited commerce and efforted to supply rice by officilal transport system. But it requested too high expense.
The Last way of Government wa that local-Government traded rice. If Centra Government distributed meynpo(綿布) to local gvernmant, local office bought rice from merchant who gathered rice going around villages. This way successed increasing storage but made a collusion officilas and merchant. Rice soars in price, fury of soldiers and settlmen did too.
It was paradox and dilemma of Chosun’s commercial policy. Government had no way to take care of commercial demmands on the base of physiocracy.

영어초록

Chosun Dynasty’s commercial policy was based on physiocracy. Trade was only permitted to barter of absolute needs in life. However, trade had not to make a profit.
This policy could fulfill its function when there was no sudden demend for rice. As Chosun advanced to Yanggey(兩界), there took place large demmend for rice. First of all it needs rice of military supplies. But military supplies was not needed only for soldiers. Soldier of Chosun was civilian in peace. Government had to supply enough rice for them to settle in dangerous war-district and go positively to the front.
It needed commerce and merchant for massive supply, but Government could not abandon physiocracy. Government permitted to trade rice but only in Yanggey. It was Hoiwhan. But trade bring about out-flow rice in Yanggey not to increase savings of rice. Why it happened? Because there was no currency in Chosun, Rice was the highest goods and exchange method.
Government re-prohibited commerce and efforted to supply rice by officilal transport system. But it requested too high expense.
The Last way of Government wa that local-Government traded rice. If Centra Government distributed meynpo(綿布) to local gvernmant, local office bought rice from merchant who gathered rice going around villages. This way successed increasing storage but made a collusion officilas and merchant. Rice soars in price, fury of soldiers and settlmen did too.
It was paradox and dilemma of Chosun’s commercial policy. Government had no way to take care of commercial demmands on the base of physiocracy.

참고자료

· 없음