‘신석현(新潟縣)사건’이 촉발한 노동운동 -『신생활』의 필화와 『동명』,『前衛』를 중심으로- (A Labor Movement Triggered by the Niigata Incident －New Life, Dongmyeong, and Zenei)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일본문화학회
· 수록지 정보 : 日本文化學報 / 96호 / 85 ~ 111페이지
· 저자명 : 백은주

초록

本稿は、1922年の「新潟縣事件」に触発された植民地期朝鮮の労働運動に焦点を当て、新生活社を中心に朝鮮人社会主義者らがとった活動や議論を取り上げた。「新潟縣事件」は、中津川の水力発電工事現場で朝鮮人労働者が奴隷さながらの待遇を受け、そのうちの数名が虐殺された衝撃的な事件であった。同事件の真相を隠蔽し検閲措置を以って言論を圧迫した植民当局と帝国権力に立ち向かい、朝鮮と日本の社会主義者たちは調査会を組織した。彼らは真相を究明し当局の対策を求める一方、民族と階級という二重の抑圧に苦しむ日本の朝鮮人移住労働者の団体である朝鮮人労働者同盟を結成した。一方、階級闘争の主旨を明確にした週刊『新生活』は『東明』の「民族一致論」を指して朝鮮のブルジョアジーを代弁するとして批判し、日本の労働運動の理論を提供したボルシェビズム雑誌『前衛』は「日鮮労働者」の団結を力説した。このような動きのなか朝鮮では擔軍と日雇いらの「自由労働者組合」が組織された。しかし、この「主義者」と「労働者」の結合に対し植民当局は「新生活事件」という筆禍をもって阻止した。

영어초록

This study focuses on the labor movement of colonial Joseon triggered by the Niigata incident in 1922, with a focus on the activities of and discussions among Korean socialists and the New Llife group. The Niigata incident was a tragedy; Korean workers worked under the same conditions as slaves at the hydropower construction site on the Nakatsu River and several were slaughtered. Contrary to the colonial authorities and Japanese imperial power, which concealed the truth of the case and pressured the media through censorship, Joseon's socialists organized an investigation to find out the truth and demand countermeasures. Further, they led the formation of the Joseon Labor Union, a group of Korean migrant workers under the dual oppression of ethnicity and class. Meanwhile, the weekly publication New Life, which clarified the goal of class struggle, criticized the “national unity” of Dongmyeong as representing the bourgeoisie of Joseon, and the Bolshevist magazine Zenei, which provided the theory of the Japanese labor movement, discussed the need for worker unity between Joseon and Japan. In this movement, porters and workers, who were not called “workers” in Joseon at the time, organized a free workers’ association. However, the colonial authorities blocked the unity of the “vanguard” and “laborers” by prosecuting and punishing them for articles in New Life.

참고자료

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