PICC상 Hardship의 적용에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Application of Hardship under PICC)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국무역상무학회
· 수록지 정보 : 무역상무연구 / 87권 / 21 ~ 41페이지
· 저자명 : 황지현, 민주희

초록

모든 계약에 적용되는 Hardship은 주로 장기계약에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 계약체결 후 계약의 형평성을 본질적으로 변경하는 예견하지 못한 사건이 발생한 경우 Hardship이 성립한다. Hardship 사건이 발생할 경우 재협상을 요청할 수 있으며, 재협상이 결렬된 경우 법원에 호소할 수 있다. Hardship은 계약준수의 원칙에 따라 엄격한 요건하에서 예외적인 경우에 한하여 인정되고 있다. Hardship의 목적은 계약체결 후 변화된 상황에 맞추어 원계약의 내용을 재조정함으로써 계약의 균형을 유지하는 것이므로 계약당사자에게 중요한 의의를 가진다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 PICC상 Hardship의 성립요건 및 효과를 관련 판례와 함께 검토하고자 한다. 이를 토대로 실무상 Hardship이 어떻게 적용되고 활용되는지를 분석함으로써 시사점을 도출해 보고자 한다.

영어초록

Hardship applied to all contracts is mainly used in long-term contracts. After the conclusion of the contract, a hardship is established in the unforeseen event that essentially changes the equity of the contract. In the event of hardship, the party may request renegotiation. And if the renegotiation is broken, the contracting party may appeal to the court. The court may amend or terminate the contract. The purpose of the hardship is to maintain the balance of the contract by re-adjusting the contents of the original contract in accordance with the changed situation after signing the contract, so it has an important significance to the contracting parties.
In relation to the practical application of PICC hardship, there is a tendency to recognize the application of hardship as a trading practice and customary commercial law. And PICC hardship is widely used in interpreting and supplementing domestic laws. Although applying PICC hardship as a supplement to Article 79 of CISG has positive and negative statements, many academia and precedents affirm the application of PICC hardship to compensate for the legal gap in Article 79 of CISG. It should be noted, however, that exemptions under Article 79 of the CISG for hardship are not permitted.
Since there are no specific standards for the hardship situation, it is bound to vary for each case according to various circumstances. Therefore, by using the hardship provisions, it is desirable for the contracting party to prescribe the specific situation for the hardship as well as the negotiation procedure to resolve it in advance through sufficient agreement. PICC hardship will be very useful to contracting parties, but it should be noted that Hardship is recognized only in exceptional cases under strict requirements according to the principle of compliance.

참고자료

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