삶의 중요한 일부로서의 스마트폰: 직장인 · 대학생 대상 설문조사와 여자대학생 대상 현장연구 (Smartphone as an important part of life: A questionnaire survey with college students/workers and an ethnographic fieldwork focusing on female college students)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 서울대학교 비교문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 비교문화연구 / 25권 / 1호 / 211 ~ 267페이지
· 저자명 : 이용숙, 이수현

초록

이 연구에서는 대학생과 20~40대 직장인 500명의 스마트폰사용을 설문조사를 통해 연령대별/성별로 살펴본 후, 여자대학생에 중점을 두어 스마트폰이 어떻게 이들의 삶의 중요한 일부가 되고 있는지 논의했다. 연구자 2명과 연구보조원 36명이 자신과 주변인의 스마트폰 사용방식을 참여관찰하고, 80여 명과의 심층면담과 4회의 FGI를 실시했다. 스마트폰과가장 밀착된 삶을 사는 것으로 나타난 여자대학생들은 57%가 하루 5시간이상 스마트폰을 사용했다. 스마트폰사용으로 소요시간이 늘어난 활동은취미생활, 쇼핑/관련정보검색, SNS, 사진찍기 등이고, 줄어든 활동은 혼자서 생각하기, 독서, 가족/친구와 함께하기, 교육/학습활동 등이다. 이들은 스마트폰을 ‘필수품’으로 여기고, ‘친구’, ‘일상/생활’, ‘또 하나의 나’ 등의 의미를 부여했다. 한편 이들은 ‘무의식적’으로나 ‘재미/현실도피’를 위해 스마트폰을 과다사용한다고 느꼈으며, SNS에 게시할만한 사진을 찍고친구의 게시물에 반응을 보여야 하며 연락에 즉시 답해야 한다는 스트레스를 받았다. 스마트폰의 편의성/휴대성/즉각성은 사용자의 삶을 스마트폰 중심으로 개편시키고 있었다.

영어초록

This study examined the smartphone usage of college students and workers in their 20s, 30s and 40s. We discussed how smartphones are becoming an important part of their lives, focusing on female college students who tend to spend the most time on smartphones. For that purpose, three types of studies were conducted: 1) A questionnaire survey with 500 participants, 2) participant observation by two researchers and 36 research assistants who focused on their own smartphone usage as well as the smartphone usage of their friends/family members and 3) in-depth interviews with 80 college students and 4 focus group interviews at a coed university.
The research found that female college students tend to use their smartphones much more than male college students and workers. Indeed, 57% of female college students used smartphones more than five hours a day. Activities that showed an increase in terms of time consumption due to smartphone usage were 1) hobbies, 2) shopping, 3) social media, 4) taking pictures and 5) travelling/searching for travel-related information. Using smartphones led to less time spent on the following activities: 1) thinking alone, 2) reading, 3) spending time with family or friends and 4) education/learning activities.
College students felt anxious without their smartphones and considered them a necessity. Moreover, many gave meaning and value to their smartphones labelling them a ‘friend’, an ‘everyday life companion’, and ‘another self’. At the same time, however, students were found to be stressed because of their excessive use of smartphones. They felt that they were spending too much time on their smartphones either ‘unconsciously’, ‘for fun’ or ‘for escape.’ In particular, ‘SNS applications’, often used for ‘killing time’, and ‘communication applications’, which put students under pressure for ‘immediate reply’, were the top two causes of smartphone-related stress.
This study found that the convenience, mobility and the spontaneity of smartphones deeply influenced the lifestyles of their users. Socio-structural causes of the excessive use of smartphones were further discussed in the study.

참고자료

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