항암화학요법에 관한 개별교육이 암 환자의 삶의 질에 미치는 효과 (A Study on Effect of Individual Education about Chemical Therapy for Preventing Cancer on Quality of Life of Patient Who Suffers From Cancer)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한종양간호학회
· 수록지 정보 : Asian Oncology Nursing / 4권 / 2호 / 103 ~ 109페이지
· 저자명 : 추연화, 김경희

초록

본 연구는 암 진단을 받고 처음 항암요법을 받는 환자를 대상으로 개별교육이 환자의 삶의 질에 미치는 효과를 파악하고자 단일군 전후 실험설계로 원시실험 설계이다.
연구대상은 서울시내 일개 대학병원으로 항암요법을 처음 받는 환자 40명을 하였으며, 연구 기간은 2004년 1월 19일부터 2004년 4월 18일까지였다.
연구도구는 이순교(2001)의 동종골수이식 환자의 삶의 질 측정도구를 수정 보완하였으며, 수집된 자료를 SPSS프로그램을 이용하여 통계 처리하였으며, 평균, 표준편차, Paired t-test로 분석하였다.

본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 항암요법에 관한 개별교육이 신체적 영역의 삶의 질에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 지지되었다(t=5.832, p=0.000).
2. 항암요법에 관한 개별교육이 정신적 영역의 삶의 질에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 지지되었다(t=7.961, p=0.000).
3. 항암요법에 관한 개별교육이 사회적 영역의 삶의 질에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 지지되었다(t=4.791, p=0.000).
4. 항암요법에 관한 개별교육이 영적영역의 삶의 질에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 지지되었다(t=-3.233, p=0.002).

결론적으로 개별교육은 항암요법 환자의 삶의 질 증진에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타나 암 환자의 삶의 질을 증진시킬 수 있는 간호 중재방안이 될 수 있음을 나타내 주고 있다.
따라서 항암요법환자의 삶의 질을 증가시키는 간호 중재로 개별교육의 적극적인 활용이 요구된다.
이상의 결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다.
1. 항암화학요법을 받는 환자를 대상으로 개별교육의 효과를 검정하기 위하여 실험군과 대조군을 둔 유사 실험설계를 제언한다.
2. 항암화학요법을 받는 환자의 삶의 질이 영향을 미치는 관련요인에 관한 추후 연구를 제언한다.

영어초록

The disease occurrence rate of the cancer is rapidly increased and it is becoming the main factor for the death. The chemical therapy for preventing the cancer is recently used for many patients and thus extended the life of the patients. However, the side effect caused by the medical substances when performing the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer and the consequent mental and social problem are incurred to deteriorate the quality of the life.
Therefore, it is needed to help the patient in order to reduce the above problems, and so this study was executed in order to examine the effect of the individual education on the quality of the life of the patients who are treated by the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer.
The study was performed from Jan. 19. 2004 to Apr. 18. 2004 for the patients who were firstly treated by the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer in a university hospital located in the downtown in Seoul.
The individual education on the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer was provided to 40 patients of the experimental group. The study plan is the experimental plan before and after the sole group, and it is the beginning experimental plan.
The title of the booklet on the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer is "Cancer, The more you know, the more you can be cured", and the book was composed up of the side effect of the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer, treatment way for the side effect, and guide of the daily life.
The survey with the questionnaire sheet was distributed to the experi- mental group before the
education, the survey sheet was made out when they were hospitalized for 3～4 weeks after the education, and the data were examined by using SPSS statistical program with making our the survey questionnaires, and the change of the quality of the life before and after the education of the patients who are treated by the chemical therapy for preventing the cancer was analyzed by using the paired t-test.
The research result was verified that it has the meaningful that the quality of the life for the physical field, mental field, social field, and spiritual field after the individual education.
The suggestion concluded by the above research result is as follows.
First, there is the limitation to interpret the result since it was the beginning experimental plan for the sole group. Thus, it is suggested that the similar experimental plan should be executed with the expansion of the research subject and also with the contrast group.
Second, it is suggested that the study on the change of the quality of the lifeaccording to the support of the individual education and family of the patients who are treated by the anti-cancer therapy.

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