방화곤충이 복분자딸기 결실에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Pollinators on the Fruit Production of Korean Black Raspberry)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국양봉학회
· 수록지 정보 : Journal of Apiculture / 24권 / 3호 / 153 ~ 158페이지
· 저자명 : 강문수, 한진규, 김세현, 이갑연, 백을선

초록

복분자딸기를 대상으로 방화곤충이 수정 및 결실에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자, 방화곤충의 접근을 차단시
킨 차단 처리구와 방화곤충의 접근을 허용한 개방 처리구를 설치하고 각 처리간 수정률, 결실률과 열과율
을 조사하였다.
실험결과 개방 처리구의 평균 수정률은 97%로 나타나 차단 처리구 53%에 비해 높은 평균 수정률을 보였으며, 결실률은 개방 처리구 90%, 차단 처리구 32%로 나타났다. 열과율 역시 개방 처리구 13%, 차단 처리구 63%로 나타났으며, 수확한 복분자딸기의 무게를 조사한 결과 개방 처리구 평균 1.3±0.2g, 차단 처리구 평균 0.9±0.1g로 나타나 처리간 큰 차이를 보였다. 이에 근하여 복분자딸기의 곤충 화분매개의존율을 추정한 결과 0.76으로 비교적 높은 곤충 화분매개율을 보였다.
복분자딸기 꽃 개화기에 활동하는 방화곤충을 조사한 결과 벌목 61%, 파리목 25%, 나비목 10%, 딱정벌레목 4%로 나타났으며, 복분자딸기 꽃에서 활동하는 꿀벌의 일주활동을 조사한 결과 09:00와 15:00에 가장 왕성한 활동을 보여주었다.

영어초록

In this study, we examined the effect of pollinators on the fruiting of Korean black raspberry. The pollination, fruiting and the cracking fruit rate were investigated in the one group that was blocked the access of
insects and the other group which was exposed freely by insects. The results of experiment showed that the average of pollination rate was 97% in the exposed treatment while it was 53% in the enclosed treatment.
The fruiting rate was 90% in the exposed treatment and 32% in the enclosed treatment. The cracking fruit rate was 13% in the exposed treatment and 63% in the enclosed treatment. There was a significant difference in the weight of the harvested Korean black raspberry, depending on the access of pollinators,
which was 1.3±0.2g in the exposed treatment and 0.9±0.1g in the enclosed treatment. Based on that, the rate of dependence on pollinators of Korean black raspberry was estimated at 0.76 which was relatively
high. Hymenoptera (61%) comprised the largest number of pollinators in the Korean black raspberry flower blooming season, followed by Diptera (25%), Lepidoptera (10%), and Coleoptera (4%). In addition, the
results of investigation on the activities of honeybees in Korean black raspberry flowers showed that they were the most active at 09:00 and 15:00.

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